{
  "abstract": "Objective\n\nTracheal (TRA) and crico-tracheal resection and anastomosis (CTRA) are highly effective surgical procedures for managing selected cases of laryngo-tracheal stenosis, although the absence of a standardised classification limits the use of a common language within the scientific community and hinders multicentre comparisons. We present the European Laryngological Society (ELS) proposal, categorising (C)TRA into 6 Types (A1, A2, B, C, D, and E) mainly based on their anatomical extension and type of anastomosis performed.Methods\n\nThe classification was validated through a preliminary multicentre cohort of 390 patients treated between September 1996 and March 2026 in 4 European referral airway centres sharing a common protocol for definitions of (C)TRA. Primary outcomes included postoperative complications and airway patency in terms of tracheostomy-free rate.Results\n\nThe cohort was distributed across (C)TRA Type A1 (24.9%), A2 (21%), B (19%), C (31%), D (1.5%), and E (2.6%). Overall and anastomosis-specific complication rates increased from Type A1 to Type C, reflecting the technical burden of the procedure, while planned temporary tracheotomy in Types D and E effectively mitigated acute airway morbidity. Long-term functional success remained high across all (C)TRA Types, with tracheostomy-free rates ranging from 95.1% to 100% for all different kinds of (C)TRA procedures.Conclusions\n\nThe proposed ELS classification provides a standardised framework that correlates well with surgical complexity and complication profiles, enhancing data comparability and serving as a valuable didactic resource for the international airway community.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Unit of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, ASST - Spedali Civili of Brescia, Comprehensive Cancer Center,, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, School of Medicine, Brescia, Italy.",
    "Unit of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy.",
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital - CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.",
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.",
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy.",
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.",
    "The Loxley Centre for Airway, Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cesare Piazza"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Giorgio Peretti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Davide Lancini"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kishore Sandu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Marta Filauro"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jan Constantin Koelmel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Francesco Mattioli"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cecilia Molendi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Christoph Arens"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Christian Sittel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Reza Nouraei"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn36wdzvg5jfw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.14639/0392-100x-a2467",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13726683",
  "id": "cn36wdzvg5jfw",
  "issns": [
    "0392-100X",
    "1827-675X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42969776",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Laryngology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Tracheal and airway disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225093105",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13726683?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13726683",
  "pmid": "42969776",
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Pacini Editore",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn36wdzvg5jfw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42969776",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42969776"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T12:22:58Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13726683",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100x-a2467"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Tracheal and airway disorders",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Classification of tracheal and crico-tracheal resection and anastomosis: a proposal from the European Laryngological Society.",
  "title_text": "Classification of tracheal and crico-tracheal resection and anastomosis: a proposal from the European Laryngological Society.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:22:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn36wdzvg5jfw",
  "venue": "Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale",
  "versions": []
}