{
  "abstract": "Background: Alhagi species, commonly known as camel thorn, a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals, attributed to their antioxidant and pain-relieving potentials. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the chemical profile of the aerial parts of A. graecorum Boiss. growing in Egypt and to assess the antioxidant and analgesic potentials of its crude extracts and their prepared nanosuspension formulations. Methods: Different phytochemical screening tests were performed to investigate the presence of various classes of phytochemicals. The dried comminuted plant was successively extracted by cold maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. Nanosuspension formulations were prepared for the three obtained extracts and characterized for their stability and particle size. The obtained extracts and their prepared nanosuspensions were investigated for their antioxidant potential using DPPH assay, while their analgesic effects were studied using acetic acid abdominal writhing test and hot plate methods in mice. Results: In qualitative phytochemical analysis, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, sterols and/or triterpenes, carbohydrates and/or glycosides, and tannins were detected, while alkaloids and anthraquinones were absent. For the antioxidant activity, the methanol extract displayed significant radical scavenging capacity, with an SC50 value of 111.7 µg/mL, while its nanosuspension formulation did not show an improvement in activity. In the in vivo analgesic activity study using acetic acid abdominal writhing, the n-hexane nanosuspension formulation group exhibited an inhibition of 77.5% of the number of writhings. On the other hand, in the hot plate test, the MeOH nanosuspension formulation group exhibited the most potent effect, increasing the reaction time to 9.67 ± 0.3 seconds at 60 minutes. Conclusion: Our study revealed that A. graecorum has notable antioxidant and pain-relieving potentials. Ultimately, the prepared nanosuspension formulations markedly augmented the analgesic efficacy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt",
    "Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt|Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.",
    "Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University, Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt",
    "Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Aya Saad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohamed Mady"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hesham Soliman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rabab El Dib"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Asmaa Ahmed"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Heba Elmotasem"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn4fzvws106g8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.21608/aprh.2026.522763.1371",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cn4fzvws106g8",
  "issns": [
    "2357-0539",
    "2357-0547"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2026.522763.1371",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "HD9665-9675"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RM1-950"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Medicinal Plant Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225056623",
  "pdf_url": "https://aprh.journals.ekb.eg/article_536078_e7c363fa2a964624e9c76b6d59aab7de.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Helwan University, Faculty of Pharmacy",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn4fzvws106g8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T14:20:48Z",
      "native_id": "0a38ed40dc7c43649f182721f4b3657c",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2026.522763.1371"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Medicinal Plant Research",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Assessment of the Antioxidant and Analgesic Potentials of Alhagi graecorum Extracts and their Nanosuspensions",
  "title_text": "Assessment of the Antioxidant and Analgesic Potentials of Alhagi graecorum Extracts and their Nanosuspensions",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T14:21:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn4fzvws106g8",
  "venue": "Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research",
  "versions": []
}