{
  "abstract": "Importance\n\nDuck viral hepatitis, caused by the duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), poses a significant threat to the global duck industry, particularly in China.Objective\n\nThis study examined the evolutionary mechanisms driving the genotype displacement of DHAV-1 by DHAV-3 in China using phylodynamic analysis.Methods\n\nThe vp1 genes of 9 DHAV-1 and 17 DHAV-3 strains were sequenced and combined with 82 DHAV-1 and 86 DHAV-3 sequences from GenBank. Bayesian phylogenetic, demographic, and phylogeographic analyses were performed using BEAST v1.10.Results\n\nThe substitution rate for DHAV-1 vp1 was 4.89 × 10⁻⁴ substitutions/site/year (95% highest posterior density [HPD]: 3.072 × 10⁻⁴ to 6.83 × 10⁻⁴), and for DHAV-3 was 2.125 × 10⁻⁴ substitutions/site/year (95% HPD: 1.686 × 10⁻⁴ to 2.567 × 10⁻⁴). The time to the most recent common ancestor for DHAV-1 was estimated at ~1911 and for DHAV-3 at ~1992. The demographic trends showed a decline in DHAV-1 after 2003 and a resurgence of DHAV-3 in ~2010. Phylogeography identified China as the hub for DHAV-3 spread to South Korea, Vietnam, and Egypt.Conclusions and relevance\n\nDHAV-3 has a higher evolutionary rate, and adaptive mutations drive its dominance, informing vaccine design and control strategies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.",
    "Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264025, China.",
    "Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264025, China. zhanjy@ldu.edu.cn.",
    "Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264025, China. hwzhu@ldu.edu.cn.",
    "Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264025, China. zhangxingxiao@ldu.edu.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chenyi Xie",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-2910-4378"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Baoyan Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-9407-5081"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ying Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-8155-1609"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Guangrong Zhao",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-4329-2122"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yang Liu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9937-5958"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianlong Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8918-5771"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xin Yu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1122-0899"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Linlin Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5250-9170"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiayu Yu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0685-4763"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jiuyu Zhan",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-7797-1187"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Hongwei Zhu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5520-3321"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Xingxiao Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0534-6142"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn7nry7te7xt6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4142/jvs.25210",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13655562",
  "id": "cn7nry7te7xt6",
  "issns": [
    "1229-845X",
    "1976-555X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847794",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1103|Animal Virus Infections Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7206202992",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13655562?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13655562",
  "pmid": "42847794",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn7nry7te7xt6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42847794",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847794"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1103|Animal Virus Infections Studies",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Phylodynamic analysis provides insights into genotype displacement of duck hepatitis A virus in China.",
  "title_text": "Phylodynamic analysis provides insights into genotype displacement of duck hepatitis A virus in China.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cn7nry7te7xt6",
  "venue": "Journal of veterinary science",
  "versions": []
}