{
  "abstract": "This paper considers feedback optimization for optimal steady-state operation of nonlinear discrete-time systems when the steady-state input-output map and its sensitivity are expensive to compute. We propose a hybrid extension of sequential feedback optimization (SFO) that augments the model-based SFO gradient with correction terms through a convex combination with summable diminishing weights. Two variants are studied: one based on recursive least-squares (RLS) sensitivity estimation, and another on extremum seeking control (ESC) gradient estimation. Under contractivity and smoothness assumptions, we show that both hybrid schemes preserve the convergence of SFO to a neighborhood of the optimal steady state. The proposed methods are validated through a wind farm power maximization problem using a medium-fidelity model, demonstrating improved early transient performance compared to pure SFO.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.17859",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Shijie Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sergio Grammatico"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cnka1xednp527.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.17859",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cnka1xednp527",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17859",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.SY"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "eess.SY"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "math.OC"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2207|Extremum Seeking Control Systems"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213525116",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.17859",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-15",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cnka1xednp527.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:04Z",
      "native_id": "2609.17859",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17859"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "arxiv:math.OC",
      "subfield": "optimisation-control"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Hybrid Sequential Feedback Optimization for Wind Farm Power Maximization",
  "title_text": "Hybrid Sequential Feedback Optimization for Wind Farm Power Maximization",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:04Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cnka1xednp527",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}