{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nInsulin resistance is central to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is linked to abdominal adiposity, ectopic fat deposition, and skeletal muscle metabolism. However, HOMA-IR is a fasting surrogate measure that may be influenced by endogenous insulin secretion and treatment status in established T2DM. This study investigated associations between quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-derived body composition parameters and HOMA-IR-defined metabolic burden.Methods\n\nThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 245 patients with T2DM who underwent abdominal QCT. Patients were categorized into low, middle, and high HOMA-IR groups by cohort-specific tertiles; high HOMA-IR was defined as the highest tertile (> 3.95). QCT parameters included visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA/SFA ratio, intermuscular adipose tissue, skeletal muscle area and skeletal muscle index at L3 (SMI-L3), liver fat content, mean pancreatic fat content, and L1-L2 volumetric bone mineral density. Group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Sensitivity analyses excluded basal insulin users and analyzed log-transformed HOMA-IR as a continuous outcome.Results\n\nOf the 245 patients, 82, 81, and 82 were assigned to the low, middle, and high HOMA-IR groups, respectively. VFA, SFA, VFA/SFA ratio, SMI-L3, and liver fat content differed significantly across tertiles. HOMA-IR was positively correlated with VFA, SFA, skeletal muscle area at L3, SMI-L3, and liver fat content. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, VFA showed the largest point estimate for high HOMA-IR (odds ratio [OR] 2.450, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.665-3.604, P < 0.001). Liver fat content (OR 1.618, 95% CI 1.180-2.217, P = 0.003), SMI-L3 (OR 1.659, 95% CI 1.054-2.611, P = 0.029), and VFA/SFA ratio (OR 1.501, 95% CI 1.065-2.115, P = 0.020) were also associated with high HOMA-IR. In sensitivity analyses, only VFA and liver fat content remained consistently significant.Conclusions\n\nVFA and liver fat content were the most consistent QCT-derived correlates of HOMA-IR-defined metabolic burden in patients with T2DM. Findings for VFA/SFA ratio and SMI-L3 were not reproduced in sensitivity analyses and should therefore be considered exploratory.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.",
    "Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China. wlcxy828@126.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mei Liang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuoqi Dai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiahui Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lin Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cp0qqr8d415w2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12902-026-02446-0",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721639",
  "id": "cp0qqr8d415w2",
  "issns": [
    "1472-6823"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963740",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7172254561",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721639?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13721639",
  "pmid": "42963740",
  "published": "2026-08-03",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cp0qqr8d415w2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T03:21:43Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42963740",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963740"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:22:18Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13721639",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-026-02446-0"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Associations of QCT-derived body composition parameters with HOMA-IR-defined metabolic burden in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cross-sectional study.",
  "title_text": "Associations of QCT-derived body composition parameters with HOMA-IR-defined metabolic burden in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cross-sectional study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:22:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cp0qqr8d415w2",
  "venue": "BMC endocrine disorders",
  "versions": []
}