{
  "abstract": "Background: Norovirus outbreaks are prevalent in primary schools; however, few studies have specifically examined the parents directly impacted by these events.\n\nMethods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January 2025 and March 2026. Parents from seven primary schools affected by norovirus outbreaks in Hangzhou, China, were invited to complete a self-administered online questionnaire. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of norovirus pathogenesis, attitudes toward prevention and control, and information needs.\n\nResults: A total of 322 valid responses were obtained (response rate 82.14%). Among respondents, 83.85% reported awareness of norovirus. The mean knowledge score regarding norovirus pathogenesis was 6.43 ± 1.91 out of 11 (58.45% correct), with only 14.07% attaining a “good” knowledge level (≥9 points). Attitude scores were high, with a rate of 88.22% of the maximum. Multivariable logistic regression identified educational attainment (bachelor’s degree or higher: OR = 6.27, 95% CI: 1.75–52.28), residence type (detached house: OR = 5.76, 95% CI: 1.48–6.18), and active information-seeking (OR = 24.60, 95% CI: 11.28–53.66) as factors independently associated with good knowledge level.\n\nConclusion: Parents directly affected by norovirus outbreaks demonstrated inadequate knowledge but held positive attitudes. Proactive information-seeking was the strongest predictor of good knowledge. Targeted health education, particularly through WeChat parent groups, is urgently required to bridge knowledge gaps and foster active learning.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hangzhou Health Supervision Institution)"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaojian Duan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kai Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Liangliang Huo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiayun Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaobin Ren"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cpak2kae5vbbj.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13713622",
  "id": "cpak2kae5vbbj",
  "issns": [
    "2296-2565"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221752388",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713622",
  "pmid": "42952958",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cpak2kae5vbbj.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:22Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42952958",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952958"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:24:08Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713622",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1896883"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Knowledge, attitudes, and information needs regarding norovirus infection among parents of primary school students directly affected by outbreaks: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China",
  "title_text": "Knowledge, attitudes, and information needs regarding norovirus infection among parents of primary school students directly affected by outbreaks: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cpak2kae5vbbj",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Public Health",
  "versions": []
}