{
  "abstract": "The central nervous system (CNS) is a dynamic immunological environment, where specialized interfaces, immune reservoirs, and metabolic clearance pathways, such as the glymphatic system, orchestrate immune surveillance and homeostasis. Within this intricate network, purinergic signaling, mediated by nucleotides like ATP and adenosine, emerges as a critical regulator of immune responses, inflammation resolution, and tissue repair. Adenosine, drives immunosuppression and immune exhaustion, shaping the balance between neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. Purinergic signaling influences a diverse array of cells, including platelets, neutrophils, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, macrophages/microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes as well as neurons, each contributing uniquely to CNS immune dynamics. Dysregulation of this signaling network is implicated in major neurodegenerative and neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recent advances in therapeutic strategies targeting purinergic receptors, such as A2AR and P2X₇, have demonstrated promising clinical potential, offering new avenues for immunomodulation and neuroprotection. This review synthesizes current understanding of purinergic signaling in CNS immunity, explores its role in disease pathogenesis, and discusses innovative therapeutic approaches. By framing purinergic signaling as a tunable \"rheostat\", we highlight its potential to shift the CNS from danger to resolution, paving the way for precision immunotherapies in neurological disorders.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Lille Neuroscience & Cognition (LilNCog), UMR-S1172, Inserm, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France.",
    "International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Xin-Yi Campus, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.",
    "NeuroTMULille, University of Lille, Lille, France.",
    "Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.",
    "International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Campus, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.",
    "NeuroTMULille, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.",
    "Lille Neuroscience & Cognition (LilNCog), UMR-S1172, Inserm, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France. ming-li.chou@univ-lille.fr.",
    "NeuroTMULille, University of Lille, Lille, France. ming-li.chou@univ-lille.fr.",
    "Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan. ming-li.chou@univ-lille.fr."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Camille Degryse",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-0403-5311"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kirti Gupta",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7038-4949"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Luc Buée",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6261-4230"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Thierry Burnouf",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0507-9243"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "David Blum",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5691-431X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Ming-Li Chou",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6996-5332"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cqwz0fxjxvvjv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s00044-026-03583-w",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13668892",
  "id": "cqwz0fxjxvvjv",
  "issns": [
    "1054-2523",
    "1554-8120"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42831935",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1314|Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220424565",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13668892?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13668892",
  "pmid": "42831935",
  "published": "2026-10-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cqwz0fxjxvvjv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42831935",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42831935"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1314|Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From danger to resolution: targeting purinergic signaling in CNS diseases.",
  "title_text": "From danger to resolution: targeting purinergic signaling in CNS diseases.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cqwz0fxjxvvjv",
  "venue": "Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents",
  "versions": []
}