{
  "abstract": "We consider a UAV-assisted status-update system in which a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) collects updates from multiple sensors, stores the newest update of each sensor, and forwards selected buffered updates to a ground station (GS). We minimize a weighted sum of the time-average GS-side age of information (AoI) and UAV energy consumption over a finite horizon. The optimization is subject to half-duplex operation, sensor and UAV energy-causality constraints, transmission-rate and power limits, and a terminal-location constraint. Because collection changes the information age at the UAV but does not reduce the GS-side AoI until the buffered update is forwarded, mobility, collection, and forwarding decisions are coupled over time. We use a hierarchical AoI-energy actor-critic (HAE-AC) controller in which a coarse-timescale actor selects return-feasible UAV movements, while a deterministic per-slot scheduler constructs feasible collection or forwarding sets and assigns the minimum transmit power required for each scheduled transmission. In a 100-sensor deployment, HAE-AC reduces the average GS-side AoI by about 22% relative to an adaptive staleness-gated benchmark. Compared with forward-upon-collection, selective buffered forwarding reduces the number of downlink bursts by roughly 30% while increasing the number of collections per sensor by more than 23%.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2611.03884",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Xiangjian Gao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mohammad Moltafet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hamid R. Sadjadpour"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cscqr1s3tvr68.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2611.03884",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cscqr1s3tvr68",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03884",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.IT"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.SY"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "eess.SP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "eess.SY"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "math.IT"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2611.03884",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cscqr1s3tvr68.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:21:29Z",
      "native_id": "2611.03884",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03884"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "arxiv:math.IT",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Timely Ground-Station Status Delivery via UAV-Assisted Data Collection and Hierarchical RL",
  "title_text": "Timely Ground-Station Status Delivery via UAV-Assisted Data Collection and Hierarchical RL",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T18:21:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cscqr1s3tvr68",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}