{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipohypertrophy is characterized by excess central and visceral adiposity and is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk among people with HIV (PWH). In a previously reported randomized trial, semaglutide significantly reduced body weight, regional adiposity, and insulin resistance over 32 weeks of active treatment. However, the durability of these benefits after treatment discontinuation is unknown.Methods\n\nWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in PWH with HIV-associated lipohypertrophy. Participants were randomized to semaglutide or placebo for 32 weeks, followed by discontinuation of study drug and observational follow-up through week 56. The current analysis investigated effects of semaglutide at week 56, as compared to baseline and week 32. Outcomes included adipose tissue quantity by body compartment. Analyses were performed using intention-to-treat principles. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04019197) and is complete.Results\n\nOf 108 participants initially randomized, 92 completed the 32-week intervention and 80 participants (39 semaglutide, 41 placebo) completed the posttreatment phase. Participants previously assigned to semaglutide experienced increases in body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, total body fat, and visceral adipose tissue between weeks 32 and 56, accompanied by worsening glycemic indices and insulin resistance. Despite this rebound, net reductions in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference were retained at week 56 compared with baseline. Placebo-treated participants demonstrated relative stability across outcomes.Conclusions\n\nDiscontinuation of semaglutide in PWH with lipohypertrophy resulted in partial loss of improvements in weight, adiposity, and metabolic parameters. These findings support that sustained pharmacologic exposure is likely needed to achieve long-term benefit.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.",
    "Case Western Reserve University, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.",
    "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.",
    "Saint Ignatius High School, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ruth O Adekunle",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5578-6571"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Qian Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Abdus Sattar",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3863-3113"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kianoush Ansari-Gilani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Danielle Labbato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Aaron A Fletcher",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-9837-9994"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Aidan D McComsey"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Allison Ross Eckard",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3069-7721"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cthjveax6p9af.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/ofid/ofag631",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693481",
  "id": "cthjveax6p9af",
  "issns": [
    "2328-8957"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921178",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2711|HIV-related health complications and treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220678697",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693481?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693481",
  "pmid": "42921178",
  "published": "2026-10-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cthjveax6p9af.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42921178",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921178"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2711|HIV-related health complications and treatments",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Durability of Semaglutide Effects After Treatment Discontinuation in HIV-Associated Lipohypertrophy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2b Clinical Trial.",
  "title_text": "Durability of Semaglutide Effects After Treatment Discontinuation in HIV-Associated Lipohypertrophy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2b Clinical Trial.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cthjveax6p9af",
  "venue": "Open forum infectious diseases",
  "versions": []
}