{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nCancer patients are at high risk of developing infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is essential for guiding treatment in this vulnerable population. This study aimed to evaluate AMR patterns and temporal evolution among clinical bacterial isolates-comparing pre-pandemic (2016-2019) versus pandemic (2020-2021) periods and care settings (outpatient vs. inpatient)-recovered from cancer patients at a tertiary care center in Guerrero, Mexico.Materials and methods\n\nAn observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted between 2016 and 2021. A total of 1,019 strains were analyzed using WHONET 2023 software, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100 cut-off values. Categorical variables were compared using Pearson's chi-squared test (χ²). For antibiotics with absolute frequencies less than 5, Fisher's exact test was applied using STATA statistical software version 14.2 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA).Results\n\nEnterobacteriaceae accounted for 73.1% of the isolates, with Escherichia coli (42.3%, n = 431) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.0%, n = 143) being the predominant strains. The overall prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) was 22.6%. In E. coli, an increase in resistance was observed starting in 2019, with resistance rates > 80.0% for ampicillin and cefixime. When comparing the 2020 period with 2021, resistance in E. coli increased significantly for ciprofloxacin (χ² = 4.144, p = 0.042) and ceftriaxone (χ² = 4.100, p = 0.043). Regarding MDR, 51.0% of E. coli isolates were MDR, while 32.2% of K. pneumoniae strains exhibited extensive drug resistance (XDR). In addition, possible pandrug-resistant (PDR) phenotypes were identified in 14.3% of Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Isolates from hospitalized patients showed higher resistance rates compared to those from outpatients with regard to E. coli for ampicillin/sulbactam (χ² = 4.422, p = 0.035), piperacillin/tazobactam (χ² = 17.519, p < 0.001), and cefazolin (χ² = 6.746, p = 0.009).Conclusions\n\nThe results demonstrate a high predominance of Enterobacteriaceae among clinical bacterial isolates from the evaluated oncology population. E. coli exhibited the highest proportion of MDR phenotypes (51.0%), whereas K. pneumoniae showed the highest frequency of XDR (32.2%). The high level of resistance observed among isolates from hospitalized patients could help guide empirical treatment toward alternative therapeutic options.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, MEX.",
    "Clinical Oncology, State Cancerology Institute \"Dr. Arturo Beltrán Ortega\", Acapulco de Juarez, MEX.",
    "Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Acapulco de Juarez, MEX.",
    "Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, MEX."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yetzil Valente-Morales"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sandra Quintana-Ponce"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Margarita Y Kuri-Guinto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sacnite D Díaz-Gonzaléz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Rocio G Hernández-Nava"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Nicolás R Barlandas-Rendón"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ctts5zw40n6h8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.7759/cureus.116860",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13695497",
  "id": "ctts5zw40n6h8",
  "issns": [
    "2168-8184"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42927103",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214175392",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13695497?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13695497",
  "pmid": "42927103",
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ctts5zw40n6h8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:18Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42927103",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42927103"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacteria Isolated From Patients With Cancer.",
  "title_text": "Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacteria Isolated From Patients With Cancer.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ctts5zw40n6h8",
  "venue": "Cureus",
  "versions": []
}