{
  "abstract": "The lack of signals in direct detection experiments has placed the canonical Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) paradigm under severe tension, motivating a shift toward the sub-GeV Light Dark Matter (LDM) regime. However, realizing detectable LDM interaction rates typically requires large couplings to the visible sector, which leads to a severe thermal underabundance of the dark matter relic density within standard cosmology. Furthermore, LDM models featuring vector mediators face stringent constraints from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) due to late-time energy injection. In this work, we propose a minimal scalar portal extension featuring a vector-like fermion dark matter candidate, which naturally evades CMB bounds via inherent p-wave annihilation suppression. To simultaneously achieve the correct relic density and large direct-detection couplings, we invoke a pre-Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) non-standard cosmology dominated by a stiff fluid ($w > 1/3$). The enhanced Hubble expansion during this epoch triggers an early dark matter freeze-out, successfully rescuing the asymptotic relic abundance. Crucially, this stiff pre-BBN phase heavily blue-shifts inflationary gravitational waves that re-enter the horizon prior to BBN, imprinting a distinct high-frequency tilt on the stochastic gravitational wave background. We establish a robust correlation between the non-standard expansion history, the particle physics parameters verifiable in future terrestrial direct detection experiments, and the unique gravitational wave signatures observable by forthcoming space-based interferometers like LISA and DECIGO. This framework highlights how multi-messenger observations can concurrently probe the dark sector and the pre-BBN thermal history of the Universe.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.02501",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ki-Young Choi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Erdenebulgan Lkhagvadorj"
    },
    {
      "name": "Satyabrata Mahapatra"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cv0cmee9zjt3y.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.02501",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cv0cmee9zjt3y",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02501",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "hep-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7207777773",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.02501",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cv0cmee9zjt3y.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
      "native_id": "2609.02501",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02501"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:hep-ph",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Scalar Portal Verifiable Light Dark Matter and Correlated Gravitational Wave Signatures",
  "title_text": "Scalar Portal Verifiable Light Dark Matter and Correlated Gravitational Wave Signatures",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cv0cmee9zjt3y",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}