{
  "abstract": "Endemic rice varieties can create locally abundant lignocellulosic residues. This study evaluates Sigupai rice husk, an Aceh endemic biomass, as a feedstock for cellulose nanocrystal production through alkaline delignification, hypochlorite bleaching and controlled sulfuric acid hydrolysis at 1, 2 and 3 mol/L. The work tests how increasing acid concentration affects yield, residual non-cellulosic material, crystallinity, surface chemistry and particle-size distribution. The products were assessed by gravimetry, moisture analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, powder X-ray diffraction and dynamic light scattering particle-size analysis. Increasing the acid concentration increased recovered nanocellulose yield from 18.23 to 21.30%, decreased the XRF-derived residual fraction from 3.279 to 0.253%, and increased the apparent Segal crystallinity index from 91.26 to 99.34%, while reducing moisture content and the DLS-derived mean diameter from 43.31 to 5.27 nm. The calculated complementary XRF fraction increased from 96.721 to 99.747%, but this value is not interpreted as direct cellulose purity because XRF is an elemental technique. FTIR bands supported removal of non-cellulosic components and the appearance of sulfate-ester functionality. XRD remained cellulose-I-dominated, with possible cellulose-II-like features at 3 mol/L that require more rigorous phase analysis for confirmation. Because independent replicate extractions and complementary TEM/AFM, zeta-potential and thermal analyses were not available, the concentration-dependent trends are interpreted descriptively. These results support Sigupai rice husk as a local renewable feedstock and identify acid concentration as a practical processing variable for tuning measured nanocellulose properties.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Doctoral Program, School of Engineering Science, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Chik Pante Kulu No. 5, Banda Aceh 23111, Darussalam, Indonesia.",
    "Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Darussalam, Indonesia. sriaprilia@usk.ac.id.",
    "Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Darussalam, Indonesia.",
    "Graduate School of Environmental Management, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Chik Pante Kulu No. 5, Banda Aceh 23111, Darussalam, Indonesia.",
    "Research Center for Environmental and Natural Resources, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Hamzah Fansuri No. 4, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.",
    "Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei, Brunei Darussalam.",
    "Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Japan.",
    "Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.",
    "Department of Chemical and Engineering, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wafiq Alni Dzulhijjah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sri Aprilia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Nasrul Arahman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Sri Mulyati"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Roil Bilad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Erda Deng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Prayogie Aulia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Keizo Nakagawa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Eiji Kamio"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Ryosuke Takagi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Hideto Matsuyama"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvcgg55kmnjpw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s11671-026-04934-7",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13722656",
  "id": "cvcgg55kmnjpw",
  "issns": [
    "2731-9229"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963500",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2502|Advanced Cellulose Research Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224753230",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13722656?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13722656",
  "pmid": "42963500",
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Springer",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvcgg55kmnjpw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T03:21:21Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42963500",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963500"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:21:26Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13722656",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04934-7"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2502|Advanced Cellulose Research Studies",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Valorization of endemic sigupai aceh rice husk as a renewable cellulose source for nanocellulose production via sulfuric acid hydrolysis.",
  "title_text": "Valorization of endemic sigupai aceh rice husk as a renewable cellulose source for nanocellulose production via sulfuric acid hydrolysis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:26Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvcgg55kmnjpw",
  "venue": "Discover nano",
  "versions": []
}