{
  "abstract": "Significant knowledge gaps persist on cardiovascular conditions that predominantly, disproportionately, or only affect women. Historically overshadowed by the focus on obstructive coronary artery disease, conditions such as myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy have only recently gained research attention, despite substantial prevalence and impact among women. Similarly, coronary microvascular dysfunction and vasospastic angina, long dismissed as symptoms of psychological origin, are now recognized as common and underdiagnosed mechanisms of chest pain. Disparities in research also extend to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, disproportionately affecting more women, and with comparable impacts on prognosis and quality of life, yet poorly understood compared with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Moreover, female hypertension is underestimated, underdiagnosed, and understudied. Furthermore, pregnancy‐related cardiovascular complications, including preeclampsia and peripartum cardiomyopathy underscore the urgent need for research into sex‐specific mechanisms and targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies, particularly in resource‐limited settings. This review consolidates knowledge on cardiovascular conditions with pronounced sex differences, focusing on translational discoveries that direct current strategies, but most of all, emphasizing the need for future research to bridge the gap between mechanistic insights and clinical application. By identifying knowledge gaps, this article provides a road map for advancing sex‐specific understanding and care in cardiovascular disease, ensuring progress in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Bridging the sex gap in cardiac research and care requires a multidisciplinary, globally inclusive approach. By integrating knowledge of biological, clinical, and sociocultural perspectives, we can move toward equitable and effective cardiovascular health for all.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cardiology Bispebjerg‐ and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen Denmark",
    "African Population and Health Research Center Nairobi Kenya",
    "Department of Cardiology Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town South Africa",
    "Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports University of Copenhagen Denmark",
    "Department of Cardiology ProCardio Center for Research‐Based Innovation, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway",
    "University of Oslo Norway",
    "Department of Cardiology Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden",
    "Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Gistrup Denmark",
    "Department of Congenital Disorders Statens Serum Institute Copenhagen Denmark",
    "Department of Cardiology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden",
    "Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Sweden",
    "Department of Cardiology Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India",
    "Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands",
    "Department of Emergency Medicine and Women's Health Research Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA",
    "Institute for Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular & Renal Research Unit University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark",
    "Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands",
    "Department of Cardiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Naja Dam Mygind",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5592-5148"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gershim Asiki",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9966-1153"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Blanche Cupido"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Lasse Gliemann",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0382-2523"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Kristina Hermann Haugaa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4900-0453"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ylva Hellsten",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2435-9558"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Cecilia Linde",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9039-6023"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Mette Nyegaard",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4973-8543"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Elimir Omerovic",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3875-8621"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Ambuj Roy",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6418-4388"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Hester den Ruijter",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9762-014X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Basmah Safdar",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9640-7133"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Ulrike Muscha Steckelings",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5430-4275"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15
      ],
      "name": "Jeanine Roeters van Lennep",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6870-9962"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Birgit Vogel",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9896-403X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Eva Prescott"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvfdybmqsbrwz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1161/jaha.126.050650",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13745018/",
  "id": "cvfdybmqsbrwz",
  "issns": [
    "2047-9980"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.126.050650",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Contemporary Review"
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  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13745018",
  "pmid": "42786602",
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvfdybmqsbrwz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-11T12:22:27Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13745018",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.126.050650"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Sex and Gender in Healthcare",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
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  ],
  "title": "Translational Perspectives on Cardiac Diseases Disproportionately Affecting Women",
  "title_text": "Translational Perspectives on Cardiac Diseases Disproportionately Affecting Women",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-12T12:21:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cvfdybmqsbrwz",
  "venue": "Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease",
  "versions": []
}