{
  "abstract": "Purpose\n\nAndrogen receptor (AR) expression is detectable in the majority of breast cancers across all molecular subtypes; however, its predictive value for pathological complete response (pCR) and its prognostic contribution to long-term survival in an all-comer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) cohort remain incompletely defined.Patients and methods\n\nIn this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 196 patients with early-stage breast cancer across all molecular subtypes received NACT at Istanbul Medipol University Hospital between 2013 and 2025. Pre-NACT AR expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (SP107 clone) with a pre-specified threshold of 50% applied. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS); 35 EFS events occurred. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression (three pre-specified covariates), Kaplan-Meier analyses, and competing risk modeling were performed.Results\n\nAR ≥50% was detected in 139 patients (70.9%). The overall pCR rate was 30.1% (59/196). AR ≥50% was independently associated with superior EFS in the multivariable model (hazard ratio [HR]=0.396, 95% CI: 0.199-0.786; p=0.008). The estimated 5-year EFS was 82.2% vs 69.8% for AR ≥50% versus AR <50% patients (log-rank p=0.031). A statistically significant AR × pCR status interaction was identified (p=0.032), with the prognostic gradient of AR most pronounced among patients with residual disease (5-year EFS 77.9% vs 52.9% for AR-high vs AR-low). In HR+/HER2- disease, AR-low status paradoxically predicted higher pCR rates (median AR 40% vs 90%; p=0.027) but inferior long-term EFS, consistent with a \"luminal paradox\". Subgroup analyses are exploratory and hypothesis-generating.Conclusion\n\nIn this retrospective single-center cohort, pre-NACT AR ≥50% was independently associated with superior EFS in the multivariable model, complementary to pCR status. A formally significant AR × pCR interaction supports that AR provides differential prognostic information in the residual-disease population. These hypothesis-generating findings support prospective evaluation of AR-stratified risk assessment after NACT.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.",
    "Department of Medical Pathology, Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Harun Muğlu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9584-0827"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vedat Buğra Erol"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hakan Özçelik",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-4967-6611"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Erdem Sünger"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maral Martin Mıldanoğlu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mehmet Haluk Yücel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ebru Engin Delipoyraz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Muhammed Celal Akın",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-0129-2805"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jamshid Hamdard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Burçin Çakan Demirel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yasin Kutlu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Aslı Çakır"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Özgür Açıkgöz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mesut Şeker"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ömer Fatih Ölmez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Özcan Yıldız"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ahmet Bilici"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwg8w5yad9cxq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/bctt.s647399",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13702072",
  "id": "cwg8w5yad9cxq",
  "issns": [
    "1179-1314"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42936308",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1306|Breast Cancer Treatment Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223109723",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13702072?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13702072",
  "pmid": "42936308",
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwg8w5yad9cxq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42936308",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42936308"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1306|Breast Cancer Treatment Studies",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Predictive and Prognostic Value of Androgen Receptor Expression Across All Molecular Subtypes in Patients with Breast Cancer Who Received Neoadjuvant-Treatment: Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.",
  "title_text": "Predictive and Prognostic Value of Androgen Receptor Expression Across All Molecular Subtypes in Patients with Breast Cancer Who Received Neoadjuvant-Treatment: Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwg8w5yad9cxq",
  "venue": "Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press)",
  "versions": []
}