{
  "abstract": "Rickets are chronic bone disorders marked by impaired mineralization of the growing skeleton. While most cases arise from nutritional deficiencies, non-nutritional forms are frequently underrecognized. Subtle signs such as alopecia in vitamin D dependent rickets type 2A, cataract in Lowe syndrome, dental abscesses or sensorineural hearing loss in X-linked hypophosphatemia can prompt timely diagnosis and referral. A structured approach combining growth and skeletal assessment, targeted biochemistry (calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D), radiography, and early genetic testing once nutritional deficiency or renal failure are excluded improves diagnostic accuracy. Molecular confirmation enables precise subclassification into hypophosphatemic and calciopenic rickets, supporting genotype-directed therapy, including burosumab for X-linked hypophosphatemia. Early, tailored treatment enhances radiographic healing, growth, and function. Emerging genotype-phenotype correlations further inform genetic counselling and prognosis, strengthening the multidisciplinary management of these complex disorders.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Pratyush Prateek Pathak"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sayantan Ray"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwqby1h31sc1q.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5409/wjcp.122166",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13720630/",
  "id": "cwqby1h31sc1q",
  "issns": [
    "2219-2808"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.122166",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2727|Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7163506978",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.f6publishing.com/DownloadFile?filePath=GhXvo%2bK9eN5bS0murbuLyo%2b3FwTMwNLSjknKjsGKHn56rsbx7EfwkdUiH%2f72%2fz23CEuz%2bxe3Aeu8%2fxnlzgOpew%3d%3d",
  "pmcid": "PMC13720630",
  "pmid": "42964745",
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "Baishideng Publishing Group Inc",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwqby1h31sc1q.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:28Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13720630",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.122166"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2727|Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Non-nutritional rickets: Approach, precision medicine, and outcomes",
  "title_text": "Non-nutritional rickets: Approach, precision medicine, and outcomes",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:28Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cwqby1h31sc1q",
  "venue": "World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics",
  "versions": []
}