{
  "abstract": "Hybrid pixel detectors represent the state-of-the-art technology for hard X-ray experiments at synchrotron light sources and free-electron lasers, owing to their high frame rates, extended dynamic range, and scalable detection areas. However, their application in the soft X-ray regime remains bottlenecked by the challenge of developing a sensor that can achieve high quantum efficiency and an sufficient signal-to-noise ratio at low photon energies. Here, we present inverse low-gain avalanche diode (iLGAD) sensors integrated with a thin entrance window, demonstrating single-photon resolution down to 390 eV (below the Nitrogen K-edge) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 5. Two gain layer designs, standard gain layer and shallow gain layer, were systematically investigated to evaluate their spectral response as a function of photon energy and operating temperature. A double-peak feature is observed in the energy spectrum, arising from the dependence of charge multiplication on photon absorption depth. Furthermore, a phenomenological spectral fitting model was established, enabling the quantitative extraction of the effective $\\mathrm{n}^+$ layer thickness and gain layer depth. Beyond providing a fundamental understanding of iLGAD charge multiplication mechanisms and characterization results in the soft X-ray regime, these findings lay the foundation for developing large-area, high-frame-rate hybrid pixel detectors for soft X-ray. This advancement directly benefits soft X-ray photon science applications, including high-resolution ptychography, spectroscopy, and resonant scattering at synchrotron and FEL beamlines.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.42064",
  "author_total": 38,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Shuqi Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anna Bergamaschi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ashish Bisht"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maurizio Boscardin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Martin Brückner"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maria Carulla"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tomáš Celko"
    },
    {
      "name": "Roberto Dinapoli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Simon Ebner"
    },
    {
      "name": "Simone Emiliani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Khalil Ferjaoui"
    },
    {
      "name": "Erik Fröjdh"
    },
    {
      "name": "Viveka Gautam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dominic Greiffenberg"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shqipe Hasanaj"
    },
    {
      "name": "Viktoria Hinger"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marius Hürst"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vadym Kedych"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thomas King"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antonio Liguori"
    },
    {
      "name": "Carlos Lopez-Cuenca"
    },
    {
      "name": "Leonid Lunin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alice Mazzoleni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Davide Mezza"
    },
    {
      "name": "Scharon Moses"
    },
    {
      "name": "Konstantinos Moustakas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aldo Mozzanica"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jonathan Mulvey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Martin Müller"
    },
    {
      "name": "Giovanni Paternoster"
    },
    {
      "name": "Christian Ruder"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bernd Schmitt"
    },
    {
      "name": "Saverio Silletta"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dhanya Thattil"
    },
    {
      "name": "Matteo Centis Vignali"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiangyu Xie"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jiaguo Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sinuo Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cxb8avx3g28dk.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.42064",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cxb8avx3g28dk",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.42064",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.ins-det"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.42064",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cxb8avx3g28dk.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:21:15Z",
      "native_id": "2610.42064",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.42064"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.ins-det",
      "subfield": "applied-instrumentation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Soft X-Ray Detection Down to the Nitrogen K-Edge Using a Pixelated iLGAD Sensor",
  "title_text": "Soft X-Ray Detection Down to the Nitrogen K-Edge Using a Pixelated iLGAD Sensor",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T15:20:51Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cxb8avx3g28dk",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}