{
  "abstract": "We investigate dust evolution in galaxies at $z\\sim5$ using a spin-off run of the \\NC\\ cosmological zoom-in simulation with a live two-species, two-size dust model. We find that dust evolution follows three metallicity-dependent phases. At $\\log(Z/Z_\\odot)<-1$, dust is dominated by stellar ejecta and produces a shallow, featureless UV extinction curve whose normalized wavelength dependence is similar to that of the Calzetti attenuation law (Phase I). At $-1\\leq \\log(Z/Z_\\odot)<-0.5$, efficient silicate accretion drives rapid dust growth, producing silicate-rich dust and SMC-like extinction curves (Phase II). At $\\log(Z/Z_\\odot)\\geq-0.5$, carbonaceous grain growth also becomes efficient, yielding a more balanced grain mixture and Milky-Way-like extinction curves (Phase III). In addition, local dust-to-metal ratios are strongly suppressed in regions affected by recent clustered supernova feedback, further complicating the interpretation of high-$z$ observations. Despite some successes, our galaxies lie below current observationally inferred dust masses and dust-to-metal ratios for high-redshift galaxies. The resulting depletion patterns suggest that the fixed Fe-bearing olivine composition assumed in our current dust model may be too restrictive for chemically young galaxies, and that metallicity-dependent grain compositions may be required to explain the dust content of the early Universe.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.39683",
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "J. K. Jang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yohan Dubois"
    },
    {
      "name": "Francisco Rodriguez Montero"
    },
    {
      "name": "San Han"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jinsu Rhee"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diana Ismail"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gyeong-Hwan Byun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Changyeon Yu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seyoung Jeon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sukyoung K. Yi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cy6z1ya4y6rme.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.39683",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cy6z1ya4y6rme",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39683",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39683",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cy6z1ya4y6rme.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:36:23Z",
      "native_id": "2610.39683",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39683"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Dust growth in the early Universe: insight from the NewCluster spin-off simulation",
  "title_text": "Dust growth in the early Universe: insight from the NewCluster spin-off simulation",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:20:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cy6z1ya4y6rme",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}