{
  "abstract": "Chatbots based on large language models (LLM-CBs) are increasingly used for mental health support by both individuals with and without mental health conditions. Simultaneously, potential risks and harms of LLM-CB use for mental health are widely discussed, typically in disorder-unspecific terms, evaluated through single-turn benchmark and vignette designs, and rarely linked to established models of psychopathology. The current work presents the Psychopathology-AI-interaction (PAII) framework, which conceptualizes harmful human-chatbot interaction as arising from three interacting components: human factors (disorder-specific pathology, individual vulnerabilities, and personality dispositions), chatbot factors (model-specific safety failures and design principles), and interaction factors. Drawing on established models of technology-associated psychopathology, LLM-CBs are presented as a new domain in which disorder-specific maladaptive patterns emerge. A roadmap for future research is presented, focusing on psychopathology-based multi-turn benchmarks, experimental induction of vulnerabilities and manipulation of chatbot risk factors, and analysis of naturalistic conversation logs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Alexander Diel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Niels Weber"
    },
    {
      "name": "Martin Teufel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alexander Bäuerle"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cz17n8r8xk8vj.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/8p963_v2",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "cz17n8r8xk8vj",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/8p963_v2/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Psychiatry"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3202|Digital Mental Health Interventions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214802955",
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/8p963/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cz17n8r8xk8vj.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:57Z",
      "native_id": "8p963",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/8p963_v2/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "bepress:Clinical Psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Psychopathology-AI-interaction (PAII) framework: Disorder-specific dynamics in conversational AI",
  "title_text": "Psychopathology-AI-interaction (PAII) framework: Disorder-specific dynamics in conversational AI",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cz17n8r8xk8vj",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}