{
  "abstract": "Through intermolecular collisions, a gas-surface scattering law can reshape the incident molecular population on which it acts. We examine this feedback using direct simulation Monte Carlo for hypersonic flow past a $40^\\circ$ inclined flat plate at four benchmark conditions spanning $0.023\\leq Kn_\\infty\\leq8.439$. Maxwell and Cercignani-Lampis-Lord (CLL) scattering are assessed through fixed-incidence moment references and evaluation of alternative kernels on the same recorded non-reactive incident populations. At $Kn_\\infty=0.023$, Maxwell shear and heat transfer depart from diffuse-specular endpoint interpolation by up to $40\\%$ of their diffuse-reference values. In the trailing patch, the population change induced by reduced tangential CLL accommodation overturns the fixed-incidence reductions in both shear and translational heat transfer. At the two highest conditions, the CLL momentum responses become nearly componentwise, producing nearly orthogonal displacements in the drag-lift plane. Nevertheless, a total-energy constraint required by common incidence across wall laws retains a defect of $3.1\\%$ of the diffuse heat-transfer coefficient at $Kn_\\infty=8.439$. Recovery of selected response relations therefore does not establish common incidence or a free-molecular flow. A cold-beam symmetry makes lift invariant under exchange of the normal and tangential CLL accommodation coefficients, but not drag. This provides a limiting explanation for the simulated asymmetric cases: at $Kn_\\infty=8.439$, they yield nearly equal lift while one produces $66\\%$ more drag. Population feedback and force projection thus determine whether the conditional scattering response is reinforced, obscured or reversed in the macroscopic observables.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.05509",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Einar Nævdal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sebastian A. Altmeyer"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/czsqw1grev5ba.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.05509",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "czsqw1grev5ba",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05509",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2604|Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220680340",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.05509",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/czsqw1grev5ba.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:27:05Z",
      "native_id": "2610.05509",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05509"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.flu-dyn",
      "subfield": "fluid-dynamics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Gas-surface scattering and collisional feedback in rarefied hypersonic flow past an inclined flat plate",
  "title_text": "Gas-surface scattering and collisional feedback in rarefied hypersonic flow past an inclined flat plate",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:27:05Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/czsqw1grev5ba",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}