{
  "abstract": "The acceleration of the Solar System barycenter (SSB) offers a unique precision probe of the local gravitational environment, enabling searches for otherwise invisible gravitating sources such as Planet Nine and nearby (primordial) black holes. Using the binary-pulsar timing measurements, we develop an analysis framework that combines the line-of-sight differential accelerations of 26 binary pulsars to jointly reconstruct the three-dimensional acceleration of the SSB and place directional upper limits. Across three smooth Galactic-potential baselines, the residual acceleration is consistent with zero. We obtain directional 95\\% upper limits of $0.198$, $0.262$, and $0.693~μ\\mathrm{as}\\,\\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ over 50\\%, 75\\%, and all sampled directions, respectively. These limits are tighter by factors of 3.5, 3.6, and 1.6 than a matched Gaia EDR3 benchmark and improve previous pulsar constraints by more than an order of magnitude. We further extend the framework to the full SSB--pulsar two-endpoint response, enabling direct position-dependent mass constraints on unknown gravitational sources. A $10\\,M_\\odot$ object is excluded within 0.39, 0.34, and 0.21 pc over the same sky fractions. Our unknown-mass limits surpass the tidal-equivalent INPOP19a reference beyond 0.2 pc by about an order of magnitude over most of the sky at 1 pc.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.29162",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Zheng-Long Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zi-Qing Xia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bo Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yi-Zhong Fan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d06kb14gk6402.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.29162",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "d06kb14gk6402",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29162",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214284750",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.29162",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d06kb14gk6402.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:24:11Z",
      "native_id": "2609.29162",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29162"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Binary-pulsar Timing: A 3D Solar-System Accelerometer and Unknown-Source Probe",
  "title_text": "Binary-pulsar Timing: A 3D Solar-System Accelerometer and Unknown-Source Probe",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:24:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d06kb14gk6402",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}