{
  "abstract": "Purpose\n\nThe role of sex hormones in ophthalmic diseases is an emerging area of research; however, the magnitude of the impact of biological sex relative to other factors is unclear in cataract surgery. This study evaluated sex differences in pre-operative risk factors, surgical complexity, and outcomes of cataract surgery across the lifespan and identified other contributing factors.Patients and methods\n\nThis retrospective cohort study included patients ≥18 years of age who underwent cataract surgery at The University of Kansas Health System between 2015 and 2019. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney U, and t-tests compared demographics, systemic/ocular comorbidities, wait times, appointment adherence, complications, and visual acuity (VA) outcomes between sexes. Linear and logistic regressions identified predictors of post-operative VA and complications.Results\n\nOf the 1606 patients, 639 (39.8%) were male and 967 (60.2%) were female. Wait times and appointment adherence were similar between sexes. While females had higher rates of ocular comorbidities (48.0% M vs 53.3% F; p = 0.041), and males had higher rates of complex surgery (44.1% M vs 34.1% F; p < 0.001) and intra-operative complications (16.7% M vs 10.8% F; p < 0.001), post-operative uncorrected VA (LogMAR 0.18 [IQR 0.05-0.35] M vs 0.18 [0.05-0.32] F; p = 0.986) and best corrected VA (0.10 [0.00-0.24] M vs 0.10 [0.00-0.24] F; p = 0.257) were similar between sexes, as was the percentage of patients who met their refractive target (77.8% M vs 79.9% F; p = 0.298). Age and sex were not identified as significant predictors of post-operative VA and complications, but ethnicity and specific comorbidities were.Conclusion\n\nWhile sex differences were observed, the findings of this study suggest that socio-demographics and comorbidities are stronger drivers of differences in cataract surgery outcomes. Future work can evaluate how these disparities can be addressed to optimize outcomes for all patients.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kaitlyn Abigail Sy",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-2323-0442"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chase Buntain",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-1798-0859"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yifan Yu",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-9905-5200"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Norman Morikawa",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-0859-5711"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anna Johnson"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anne Wishna",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-1618-0626"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d0m98j7j0aphm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/opth.s645308",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693536",
  "id": "d0m98j7j0aphm",
  "issns": [
    "1177-5467",
    "1177-5483"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921524",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2731|Intraocular Surgery and Lenses"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222872103",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693536?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693536",
  "pmid": "42921524",
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d0m98j7j0aphm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42921524",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921524"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2731|Intraocular Surgery and Lenses",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Visual Acuity Outcomes After Cataract Surgery Similar Between Sexes Despite Differences in Comorbidities and Surgical Complexity.",
  "title_text": "Visual Acuity Outcomes After Cataract Surgery Similar Between Sexes Despite Differences in Comorbidities and Surgical Complexity.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d0m98j7j0aphm",
  "venue": "Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)",
  "versions": []
}