{
  "abstract": "Soil availability of inorganic ortho-phosphate (PO 4 3− , P i ) is a key determinant of plant growth and fitness. 1 1. Bieleski, R.L. Phosphate pools, phosphate transport, and phosphate availability Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 1973; 24 :225-252 Crossref Google Scholar Plants regulate the capacity of their roots to take up inorganic phosphate by adapting the abundance of H + -coupled phosphate transporters of the PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 1 (PHT1) family 2 2. Nussaume, L. ∙ Kanno, S. ∙ Javot, H. ... Phosphate import in plants: focus on the PHT1 transporters Front. Plant Sci. 2011; 2 :83 Crossref Scopus (423) PubMed Google Scholar at the plasma membrane (PM) through transcriptional and post-translational changes driven by the genetic network of the phosphate starvation response (PSR). 3–8 3. Shin, H. ∙ Shin, H.-S. ∙ Dewbre, G.R. ... Phosphate transport in Arabidopsis: Pht1;1 and Pht1;4 play a major role in phosphate acquisition from both low- and high-phosphate environments Plant J. 2004; 39 :629-642 Crossref Scopus (641) PubMed Google Scholar 4. Misson, J. ∙ Thibaud, M.C. ∙ Bechtold, N. ... Transcriptional regulation and functional properties of Arabidopsis Pht1;4, a high affinity transporter contributing greatly to phosphate uptake in phosphate deprived plants Plant Mol. Biol. 2004; 55 :727-741 Crossref Scopus (213) PubMed Google Scholar 5. Thibaud, M.C. ∙ Arrighi, J.F. ∙ Bayle, V. ... Dissection of local and systemic transcriptional responses to phosphate starvation in Arabidopsis Plant J. 2010; 64 :775-789 Crossref Scopus (258) PubMed Google Scholar 6. Bayle, V. ∙ Arrighi, J.-F.F. ∙ Creff, A. ... Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity phosphate transporters exhibit multiple levels of posttranslational regulation Plant Cell. 2011; 23 :1523-1535 Crossref Scopus (208) PubMed Google Scholar 7. Park, B.S. ∙ Seo, J.S. ∙ Chua, N.H. NITROGEN LIMITATION ADAPTATION recruits PHOSPHATE2 to target the phosphate transporter PT2 for degradation during the regulation of Arabidopsis phosphate homeostasis Plant Cell. 2014; 26 :454-464 Crossref Scopus (213) PubMed Google Scholar 8. Liao, Y.Y. ∙ Li, J.L. ∙ Pan, R.L. ... Structure-function analysis reveals amino acid residues of Arabidopsis phosphate transporter At PHT1;1 crucial for its activity Front. Plant Sci. 2019; 10 :1158 Crossref Scopus (13) PubMed Google Scholar Increasing evidence also shows that plants integrate immune responses to alleviate phosphate starvation stress through the association with beneficial microbes. 9–11 9. Castrillo, G. ∙ Teixeira, P.J.P.L. ∙ Paredes, S.H. ... Root microbiota drive direct integration of phosphate stress and immunity Nature. 2017; 543 :513-518 Crossref Scopus (604) PubMed Google Scholar 10. Finkel, O.M. ∙ Salas-González, I. ∙ Castrillo, G. ... The effects of soil phosphorus content on plant microbiota are driven by the plant phosphate starvation response PLoS Biol. 2019; 17 :e3000534 Crossref Scopus (124) PubMed Google Scholar 11. Shi, J. ∙ Zhao, B. ∙ Zheng, S. ... A phosphate starvation response-centered network regulates mycorrhizal symbiosis Cell. 2021; 184 :5527-5540.e18 Full Text Full Text (PDF) Scopus (168) PubMed Google Scholar Whether and how such phosphate transport is regulated upon activation of immune responses is yet uncharacterized. To address this question, we first developed quantitative assays based on changes in the electrical PM potential to measure active P i transport in roots in real time. By inserting micro-electrodes into bulging root hairs, we were able to determine key characteristics of phosphate transport in intact Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter Arabidopsis ) seedlings. The fast P i -induced depolarization observed was dependent on the activity of the major phosphate transporter PHT1;4. Notably, we observed that this PHT1;4-mediated phosphate uptake is repressed upon activation of pattern-triggered immunity. This inhibition depended on the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) and PBS1-LIKE KINASE 1 (PBL1), which both phosphorylated PHT1;4. As a corollary to this negative regulation of phosphate transport by immune signaling, we found that PHT1;4-mediated phosphate uptake normally negatively regulates anti-bacterial immunity in roots. Collectively, our results reveal a mechanism linking plant immunity and phosphate homeostasis, with BIK1/PBL1 providing a molecular integration point between these two important pathways.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Julian Dindas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thomas Defalco"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gang Yu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lu Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pascale David"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marta Bjornson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marie-Christine Thibaud"
    },
    {
      "name": "Valéria Custódio"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gabriel Castrillo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laurent Nussaume"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alberto Macho"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cyril Zipfel"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d1cqkxrr98mf7.bib",
  "cited_by": 57,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.063",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "d1cqkxrr98mf7",
  "issns": [
    "0960-9822",
    "1879-0445"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05768781v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "hal",
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      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism"
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  "openalex": "W4200118093",
  "pdf_url": "http://www.cell.com/article/S0960982221016493/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-29",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d1cqkxrr98mf7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:43Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05768781",
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      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05768781v1"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Direct inhibition of phosphate transport by immune signaling in Arabidopsis",
  "title_text": "Direct inhibition of phosphate transport by immune signaling in Arabidopsis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d1cqkxrr98mf7",
  "venue": "Current Biology",
  "versions": []
}