{
  "abstract": "We investigate the explodability of core-collapse supernova progenitors with zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) masses of 9–25 M ⊙ using 1D hydrodynamical simulations with Flash-X and the DG-IMEX method of thornado . We assess one- and two-parameter explosion criteria and their connection to the internal structure of massive stars. We identify two classes of explosion outcomes. Class I requires the shock to pass the bottom of the Si/O interface together with an increasing advection-to-heating timescale ratio, while Class II follows the density-jump and shock-surge criterion, providing a less restrictive condition associated with the potential effects of multidimensional convection. The compactness parameter alone does not provide a unique measure of explodability and shows strong nonmonotonicity. The two-parameter compactness space ( ξ 1.5 , ξ 2.5 ) provides a better classification, although some discrepancies remain. We find that the M ₄ – μ ₄ M ₄ criterion predicts our outcomes with only ∼60%–80% accuracy, lower than previously reported. Finally, the critical relation between neutrino luminosity and mass accretion rate differs between the two classes: M ̇ ∝ L ν 3 for Class I , while Class II gives M ̇ ∝ L ν 1.25 – L ν 2.36 , with the latter close to the classical M ̇ ∝ L ν 2.3 scaling.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "University of Mazandaran"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Khodayar Taghiniyarami",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-8850-7278"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alireza Khesali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Azar Khosravi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4649-6588"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d26ta17sekb2z.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/aea09a",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "d26ta17sekb2z",
  "issns": [
    "0004-637X",
    "1538-4357"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea09a",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221514093",
  "pdf_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea09a/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d26ta17sekb2z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:11Z",
      "native_id": "10.3847/1538-4357/aea09a",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea09a"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "openalex:3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Investigation of the Explodability of Massive Stars with Spectral Two-moment Neutrino Transport in Spherical Symmetry",
  "title_text": "Investigation of the Explodability of Massive Stars with Spectral Two-moment Neutrino Transport in Spherical Symmetry",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d26ta17sekb2z",
  "venue": "The Astrophysical Journal",
  "versions": []
}