{
  "abstract": "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients exhibit compromised intestinal barrier function and decreased mucus accumulation, as well as increased inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer risk, with symptoms often being exacerbated in women during pregnancy. Here, we show that these IBD hallmarks can be replicated using human Organ Chips lined by IBD patient-derived colon epithelial cells interfaced with matched fibroblasts cultured under flow. Use of heterotypic tissue recombinants revealed that IBD fibroblasts are the primary drivers of multiple IBD symptoms. Inflammation and fibrosis are accentuated by peristalsis-like motions in IBD Chips and when exposed to pregnancy-associated hormones in female IBD Chips. Carcinogen exposure also increases inflammation, gene mutations, and chromosome duplication in IBD Chips, but not in Healthy Chips. These data enabled by human Organ Chip technology suggest that the intestinal stroma, sex hormones, and peristalsis-associated mechanical deformations play a key role in driving inflammation, fibrosis, and disease progression in male and female IBD patients.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA",
    "Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA",
    "Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA",
    "Entact Bio, Watertown, MA, USA",
    "Department of Experimental Surgery and Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada",
    "Thoracic and Upper GI Cancer Research Laboratories, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada",
    "Clonal Dynamics in Epithelia Laboratory, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK",
    "Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK",
    "Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA",
    "Iovance Therapeutics, Tampa, FL, USA",
    "Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Boston, MA, USA. don.ingber@wyss.harvard.edu",
    "Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. don.ingber@wyss.harvard.edu",
    "Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. don.ingber@wyss.harvard.edu"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 18,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Aliçan Özkan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3825-5899"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gwenn E. Merry",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1174-5900"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        1
      ],
      "name": "David Benson Chou",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1659-9308"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ryan R. Posey",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4537-1257"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anna Stejskalová",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4813-6452"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Karina Calderon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Megan M. Sperry",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8310-5358"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Joshua Piatok"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Viktor Horvath",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9957-1521"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Lorenzo E. Ferri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Emanuela Carlotti",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2794-9131"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Stuart A.C. McDonald",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2386-4915"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Douglas J. Winton",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6067-7927"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Rocco Ricciardi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5796-2102"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Liliana Bordeianou",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3418-6774"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sean Hall",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0090-7895"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Girija Goyal",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2163-2205"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10,
        11,
        12
      ],
      "name": "Donald E. Ingber",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4319-6520"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d3bektvkf07tg.bib",
  "cited_by": 17,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41551-026-01686-8",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "d3bektvkf07tg",
  "issns": [
    "2157-846X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-026-01686-8",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1311|Inflammatory Bowel Disease"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2715|Inflammatory Bowel Disease"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7161981520",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41551-026-01686-8.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC11838723",
  "pmid": "39975910",
  "published": "2026-05-21",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d3bektvkf07tg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:48Z",
      "native_id": "W7161981520",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-026-01686-8"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1311|Inflammatory Bowel Disease",
      "subfield": "genetics-genomics"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2715|Inflammatory Bowel Disease",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Human inflammatory bowel disease-on-a-chip for modelling disease progression, cancer initiation and sex-specific effects",
  "title_text": "Human inflammatory bowel disease-on-a-chip for modelling disease progression, cancer initiation and sex-specific effects",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T13:20:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d3bektvkf07tg",
  "venue": "Nature Biomedical Engineering",
  "versions": []
}