{
  "abstract": "Chronic inflammation following biomaterial implantation often leads to fibrous encapsulation and compromised osseointegration, particularly in clinically inflamed environments. We developed a surface-functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) platform to modulate the early inflammatory microenvironment via surface-mediated drug release. PCL films were aminated by plasma polymerization, enabling the electrostatic immobilization of naproxen. Surface characterization by zeta potential analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed successful amine functionalization and subsequent naproxen loading. The functionalized films exhibited a pronounced early burst release of naproxen within the initial hours after immersion, addressing the early phase of post-surgical inflammation. In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory conditions showed that naproxen released from the surface significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, including IL-6 and IL-1β. The cytokine-suppressive effect of the naproxen-functionalized surface was further supported by mechanistic experiments showing that soluble naproxen attenuated LPS-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory response mediated by surface-released naproxen is, at least in part, attributable to the intrinsic NF-κB-modulating activity of naproxen. Modulation of the inflammatory microenvironment restored osteogenic differentiation, with increased expression of RUNX2, ALP, and OPN, and enhanced matrix mineralization, as confirmed by Alizarin Red S staining. These findings demonstrate that surface-mediated delivery of naproxen enables temporally controlled osteoimmunomodulation and supports osteogenic function under inflammatory stress, underscoring the potential of this surface-engineering strategy for bone-regenerative applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Chonnam National University , , ,",
    "Chosun University , , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chang-Young Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Namuun Khentii",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2992-3621"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ji-Hun Seok",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-0859-784X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tien Ngoc Thuy Nguyen",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-9310-8139"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Min-Suk Kook",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8053-8534"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d42wadvr35xcd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c02070",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670297/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "d42wadvr35xcd",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13670297",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Bone Tissue Engineering Materials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7215085965",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670297/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13670297",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d42wadvr35xcd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13670297",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13670297"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c02070",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/40/60722/5443672/Surface-Mediated-Immunomodulation-by-Electrostatic"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2470-1343",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Surface-Mediated Immunomodulation by Electrostatic Immobilization of Naproxen on Plasma-Aminated Poly(ε-caprolactone) Films Rescues Osteogenic Differentiation via Attenuation of NF-κB Signaling",
  "title_text": "Surface-Mediated Immunomodulation by Electrostatic Immobilization of Naproxen on Plasma-Aminated Poly(ε-caprolactone) Films Rescues Osteogenic Differentiation via Attenuation of NF-κB Signaling",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d42wadvr35xcd",
  "venue": "ACS omega",
  "versions": []
}