{
  "abstract": "Room-temperature discrimination of closely related aromatic volatile organic compounds remains challenging for chemiresistive sensors. Here, chromium-modified double-walled carbon nanotubes (Cr-DWNTs) were prepared using an endohedral filling process and were investigated for preferential xylene detection. X-ray diffraction showed substantial transformation of the CrCl2 precursor to rhombohedral Cr2O3 identified as the dominant crystalline chromium-containing phase. Transmission electron microscopy and elemental analysis supported association of the chromium-containing phase with the DWNT structure. Raman spectroscopy showed retention of the characteristic D, G, and 2D bands with only a small change in the ID/IG ratio, indicating preservation of the graphitic framework after chromium modification. Hall-effect measurements showed positive Hall coefficients for both pristine DWNTs and Cr-DWNTs, confirming hole-dominated transport, while Cr-DWNTs exhibited a lower apparent Hall carrier concentration together with substantially higher carrier mobility and conductivity. Cr-DWNTs exhibited a pronounced preferential response toward xylene over 0.1–10 ppm. The xylene response increased from approximately 0.96% at 0.1 ppm to 5.93% at 10 ppm and was enhanced by approximately 1.9–2.6 times relative to pristine DWNTs. Within 0.1–1 ppm, the low-concentration xylene sensitivity was 2.36 % ppm−1 (R2=0.958), with a calculated limit of detection of approximately 37 ppb. The enhanced response is attributed to the combination of the intrinsic affinity of graphitic carbon toward methyl-substituted aromatics and interfacial electronic transduction within the DWNT network. These results demonstrate that chromium modification provides an effective strategy for amplifying room-temperature xylene selectivity in CNT-based chemiresistive sensors.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Boseja Ward, Palapye Private Bag 16, Botswana.",
    "Université de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, CNRS, CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tlotlo Cassandra Setlhare",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-1048-4860"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Atlang Gild Mpolokang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3527-9809"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Emmanuel Flahaut",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8344-6902"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Martin Figueiredo",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-6620-0425"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "George Chimowa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7421-1068"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d505egse4wk0y.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ma19204378",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13707281",
  "id": "d505egse4wk0y",
  "issns": [
    "1996-1944"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05835665v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
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      "2208|Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors"
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  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05835665/document",
  "pmcid": "PMC13707281",
  "pmid": "42941119",
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": "MDPI",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d505egse4wk0y.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05835665",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05835665v1"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42941119",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42941119"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "hal:0.sdv",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "hal:0.chim",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "hal:1.sdv.tox",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
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    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "hal:1.phys.cond",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
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  ],
  "title": "Chromium-Decorated Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Preferential Room-Temperature Xylene Sensing",
  "title_text": "Chromium-Decorated Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Preferential Room-Temperature Xylene Sensing",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d505egse4wk0y",
  "venue": "Materials",
  "versions": []
}