{
  "abstract": "Objectives: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for the vast majority of cases. Conventional chemotherapeutic approaches are frequently limited by systemic toxicity, poor bioavailability, and non-selective biodistribution. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations. The present study aimed to synthesize a novel PEGylated magnetite nanoparticle system containing quercetin (Fe3O4-PEG-QUER) and evaluate its effects on the impedance-based cellular responses of the A549 NSCLC cell line compared with non-tumorigenic bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).\n\nMaterials and Methods: Nanoparticles were synthesized via the coprecipitation method. Quercetin was introduced during the preparation of the Fe3O4-PEG formulation, resulting in the Fe3O4-PEG-QUER formulation. All formulations Fe3O4, Fe3O4-QUER, Fe3O4-PEG, and Fe3O4-PEG-QUER were characterized using X-ray diffraction, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Zeta-sizer, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Impedance-based cellular responses were assessed in BEAS-2B and A549 cell lines using the xCELLigence real-time cell analysis system.\n\nResults: Fe3O4-PEG-QUER showed apparent antiproliferative effects against A549 cells, with IC50 values of 289 µg/mL at 24 h and 160 µg/mL at 48 h. For BEAS-2B cells, the apparent IC50 values were above the highest tested concentration (> 400 µg/mL) at the evaluated time points. Fe3O4-PEG alone showed marked effects on the impedance-based cellular response of A549 cells, with apparent IC50 values of 27 and 19 µg/mL at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Because quercetin loading was not quantitatively determined, the nanoparticle concentrations represent total formulation mass and cannot be directly converted to quercetin-equivalent doses.\n\nConclusion: Fe3O4-PEG-QUER nanoparticles altered the impedance-based cellular response in the A549 NSCLC cell line, with smaller changes observed in BEAS-2B cells at lower concentrations. These findings provide preliminary in vitro evidence supporting further investigation of Fe3O4-PEG-QUER in lung cancer models.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Erciyes University, Ziya Eren Pharmaceutical Application and Research Center, Kayseri, Türkiye",
    "Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Kayseri, Türkiye"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yeşim SİS",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-3108-7122"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mükerrem Betül YERER",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4503-8032"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d78wwne2v6s27.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4274/tjps.galenos.2026.78567",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711623/",
  "id": "d78wwne2v6s27",
  "issns": [
    "1304-530X",
    "2148-6247"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2026.78567",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2502|Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224025481",
  "pdf_url": "https://turkjps.org/pdf/68f48462-babf-415b-b878-1e392d1c83af/articles/tjps.galenos.2026.78567/174-186.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13711623",
  "pmid": "42937524",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Turkish Pharmacists' Association",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d78wwne2v6s27.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:22:22Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711623",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2026.78567"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2502|Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Fe3O4-PEG-Quercetin Nanoparticles in a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Model",
  "title_text": "Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Fe3O4-PEG-Quercetin Nanoparticles in a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Model",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:22:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d78wwne2v6s27",
  "venue": "Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences",
  "versions": []
}