{
  "abstract": "Interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation is a rare congenital venous anomaly characterized by the absence of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava, with venous return from the lower extremities redirected through a dilated azygos vein into the superior vena cava. Although typically clinically silent, this anomaly can pose significant challenges during transcatheter procedures requiring femoral venous access. We describe a case of interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation that was incidentally discovered during transcatheter aortic valve replacement after difficulty advancing a temporary transvenous pacemaker via the femoral venous approach.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas",
    "Division of Cardiology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California",
    "Department of Cardiology, VA Central Arkansas Health Care, Little Rock, Arkansas",
    "Department of Cardiology, Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas"
  ],
  "article_type": "case report",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Steve Kibuom Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "KaChon Lei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Malek Al-Hawwas"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "William Aimar Rollefson"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d92dqy3bpc6ke.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.jscai.2026.105563",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13700042/",
  "id": "d92dqy3bpc6ke",
  "issns": [
    "2772-9303"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2026.105563",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "JSCAI Case Report"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Vascular anomalies and interventions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7172393560",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13700042/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13700042",
  "pmid": "42936610",
  "published": "2026-08-04",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d92dqy3bpc6ke.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13700042",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2026.105563"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:51Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13700042",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13700042"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Vascular anomalies and interventions",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava With Azygos Continuation—A Procedural Challenge During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Case Report",
  "title_text": "Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava With Azygos Continuation—A Procedural Challenge During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Case Report",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:36:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/d92dqy3bpc6ke",
  "venue": "Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions",
  "versions": []
}