{
  "abstract": "We present a construction-constrained Bernstein framework for joint pitch-width synthesis of planar spiral inductors. A positive cubic Bernstein profile is integrated to prescribe a monotonic radial trajectory, while an independent Bernstein profile controls the conductor width. The nonnegativity, partition-of-unity, and convex-hull properties of the Bernstein basis convert endpoint, winding-direction, and width requirements into algebraic constraints. Embedded in differential evolution (DE), these constraints reject inadmissible candidates before full-wave evaluation, focusing expensive solver calls on geometries that satisfy the construction rules. The method is demonstrated on a two-turn mmWave inductor implemented in the redistribution layer (RDL) of fan-out wafer-level packaging (FoWLP), with the quality factor selected as the optimization objective. Searching the constrained Bernstein design space with DE yields a simulated Q of 34.85 at 30 GHz, compared with 29.66 for a uniform Archimedean baseline under the same stack, footprint, and ports. This corresponds to a 17.5% improvement while reducing planar copper area by 1.53%. The optimized response maintains Q >= 30 from 16 to 49 GHz.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.06087",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Shuhang Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xinmeng Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yuchong Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qi Zhu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/da3jymck71tf4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.06087",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "da3jymck71tf4",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.06087",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212008944",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.06087",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/da3jymck71tf4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
      "native_id": "2609.06087",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.06087"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.optics",
      "subfield": "optics-photonics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Construction-Constrained Bernstein Synthesis of Joint Pitch-Width RDL Spiral Inductors for High-Q mmWave FoWLP Applications",
  "title_text": "Construction-Constrained Bernstein Synthesis of Joint Pitch-Width RDL Spiral Inductors for High-Q mmWave FoWLP Applications",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/da3jymck71tf4",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}