{
  "abstract": "Environmental stresses pose a serious threat to global rice production. Drought, flooding, salinity, heavy metal contamination, and the excessive use of synthetic pesticides are among the major stressors affecting rice production, with some of these pressures being exacerbated by climate change. This review examines the ecological roles, mechanisms, and potential applications of stress-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a sustainable strategy to enhance the resilience of rice agroecosystems under adverse environmental conditions. Particular emphasis is placed on the ecological responses of the rice rhizosphere microbiome and the molecular and physiological responses of rice plants to abiotic stress, together with the adaptive mechanisms associated with stress-tolerant PGPR activity. These include modulation of stress-responsive genes, enhanced antioxidant responses, osmoprotectant production, exopolysaccharide synthesis, and biofilm formation. The role of bacterial ACC deaminase in modulating stress-induced ethylene accumulation in rice is also reviewed. In addition, the potential contribution of stress-tolerant PGPR to mitigating methane emissions from paddy fields is explored, together with the potential of saline and heavy metal-contaminated soils as reservoirs of novel multi-stress-tolerant PGPR. Finally, recent advances in the bioformulation and delivery of stress-tolerant PGPR are discussed, highlighting their potential to improve bacterial survival, rhizosphere colonization, and field performance and to support more sustainable and climate-resilient rice production.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico in Celaya, Gto, Celaya, Mexico",
    "Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain",
    "Área de Protección de Cultivos, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain",
    "Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands",
    "Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands",
    "Soil-Plant-Microbe Interactions Group, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa",
    "Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Casilla 160-C, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile",
    "Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile",
    "Institute of Chemical-Biological Research, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Victor J. Carrión"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Victor J. Carrión"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Victor J. Carrión"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Victor J. Carrión"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Olubukola Oluranti Babalola"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Mauricio Schoebitz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Mauricio Schoebitz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Gustavo Santoyo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Gustavo Santoyo"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/daja671agfkmg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fsysb.2026.1998786",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsysb.2026.1998786/full",
  "id": "daja671agfkmg",
  "issns": [
    "2674-0702"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fsysb.2026.1998786",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QP1-981"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7223956612",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/systems-biology/articles/10.3389/fsysb.2026.1998786/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media S.A.",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/daja671agfkmg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:21:52Z",
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Harnessing stress-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for climate-resilient rice agroecosystems",
  "title_text": "Harnessing stress-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for climate-resilient rice agroecosystems",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/daja671agfkmg",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Systems Biology",
  "versions": []
}