{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Reported rates of loss of reduction in nonoperatively treated distal radius fractures (DRF) range from 17 to 71%. Thus, realistic biomechanical models are warranted to test novel immobilization devices that prevent loss of reduction in nonoperative fracture management. Currently available human cadaveric specimen models have several limitations: (i) disrupted soft tissue integrity, (ii) difficulty in replicating complex fracture patterns, and (iii) high technical demands and costs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a feasible and accessible method for inducing DRFs, that accurately reflects in-vivo biomechanical fracture conditions in tissue-intact cadaveric specimens, suitable for testing of novel immobilization devices.\n\nMaterials and methods: Fifteen upper extremity cadaveric specimens were included. Specimens were prepared as full‑length forearm models. Using a repurposed strength training tower as a vertical drop tower, fractures were induced by proximally administering 120–135 J impacts. CT scans were performed pre- and post-fracture induction. All fractures were classified according to the AO/OTA classification.\n\nResults: DRFs were successfully induced in all 15 specimens. A single 120 J impact produced a DRF in 11 out of 15 cases (73%). A second impact was administered in 4 out of 15 specimens (27%). Eleven of the 15 induced DRFs (73%) were classified as AO/OTA type C fractures, most commonly 2R3C3.2. Concomitant distal ulnar fractures were present in 6 cases, concomitant carpal fractures in 9 specimens. The overall cost of the setup amounted to 947 €.\n\nConclusions: This study presents a feasible, cost-effective method to induce DRFs in tissue-intact, full-length human cadaveric forearm specimens. The setup consistently produces DRFs, predominantly AO/OTA type C, which can, with certain limitations, be utilized for biomechanical testing of immobilization devices, while also being uited for surgical and anatomical education.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Trauma Orthopaedic Research Copenhagen Hvidovre (TORCH), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark",
    "Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany",
    "Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany",
    "Exo360, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, MassGeneral Brigham Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – North Zealand Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark",
    "Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Julius Krüger",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-8127-2304"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mads Terndrup",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8138-5939"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Morten Grove Thomsen",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6738-7463"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Arvind von Keudell",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3312-7556"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Jonas Askø Andersen",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-5888"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Tazio Maleitzke",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2924-7384"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dayv6nzmdv376.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s00402-026-06549-0",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13731519/",
  "id": "dayv6nzmdv376",
  "issns": [
    "0936-8051",
    "1434-3916"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-026-06549-0",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225155451",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00402-026-06549-0.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13731519",
  "pmid": "42975678",
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dayv6nzmdv376.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:21:42Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13731519",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-026-06549-0"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A feasible and cost-effective method to induce distal radius fractures in full-length forearm human cadaveric specimens",
  "title_text": "A feasible and cost-effective method to induce distal radius fractures in full-length forearm human cadaveric specimens",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:21:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dayv6nzmdv376",
  "venue": "Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery",
  "versions": []
}