{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Plant-based diets are widely recommended for lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes, with the caveat that their health benefits depend on the quality of the foods consumed. This analysis examined associations between five dietary patterns and pre-existing diabetes among patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), a population in which the relationship between diet and diabetes has not been well characterized. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Diabetes RElated to Acute Pancreatitis and its Mechanisms (DREAM) study, an ongoing multicenter study of adults aged 18 to 75 years with AP in the U.S. This cross-sectional analysis evaluated five dietary patterns using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ): the reverse Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (rEDIH), the reverse Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (rEDIP), the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and the unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for pre-existing diabetes (i.e., prior to the AP episode). Results: A total of 647 participants (mean age 49.1 ± 14.5 years) were included. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, participants in the highest versus lowest tertile of PDI had 55% lower odds of pre-existing diabetes (adjusted OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.25–0.80; p-trend = 0.005). No statistically significant associations were detected for rEDIP, rEDIH, hPDI, or uPDI. Conclusions: Higher overall PDI scores were associated with lower odds of prevalent diabetes. Among patients with AP, further studies are needed to evaluate dietary contributions to future diabetes development following AP and identify potential dietary strategies for diabetes prevention.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA",
    "Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA",
    "Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA",
    "Division of Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA",
    "Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA",
    "AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL 32804, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA",
    "Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA",
    "Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA",
    "Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA",
    "Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA",
    "Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA",
    "Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA",
    "Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 35,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Djibril M. Ba",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5598-636X"
    },
    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Tian Qiu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5396-7165"
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        1
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      "name": "Ni Shi"
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        2
      ],
      "name": "Nazia Raja-Khan"
    },
    {
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        3
      ],
      "name": "Qi Sun"
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        4
      ],
      "name": "Kristen M. Roberts"
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      "name": "Anna E. Phillips"
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      "name": "Cemal Yazici",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4839-0354"
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      "name": "Dhiraj Yadav"
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      "name": "Marina Basina"
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      "name": "Melena Bellin",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7324-4837"
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      "name": "James L. Buxbaum"
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      "name": "Anna Casu"
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      ],
      "name": "Daisy Duan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4392-3206"
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      ],
      "name": "Kathleen Dungan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1289-1595"
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        13
      ],
      "name": "Carmella Evans-Molina"
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    {
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        14
      ],
      "name": "Evan L. Fogel"
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    {
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        15
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      "name": "Chris E. Forsmark"
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      "name": "Mark O. Goodarzi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6364-5103"
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      ],
      "name": "Steven Hughes"
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        17
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      "name": "Rajesh N. Keswani"
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    {
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      ],
      "name": "Brian T. Layden"
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    {
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        19
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      "name": "Sandra Lord",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3508-0402"
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      "name": "Stephen J. Pandol",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0818-6017"
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      ],
      "name": "Georgios I. Papachristou"
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        22
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      "name": "Walter G. Park"
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        10
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      "name": "Richard Pratley"
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      "name": "Vikesh K. Singh"
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      "name": "Cate Speake"
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      "name": "Guru Trikudanathan"
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      "name": "Temel Tirkes",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0185-8741"
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      "name": "Frederico G. S. Toledo"
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      "name": "Vernon M. Chinchilli",
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      "name": "Fred K. Tabung",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8193-7150"
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        21
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      "name": "Phil A. Hart"
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dddb4vcke573m.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nu18213676",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dddb4vcke573m",
  "issns": [
    "2072-6643"
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  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3676",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dddb4vcke573m.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:21:20Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nu18213676",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3676"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:2072-6643",
      "subfield": "nutrition"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Inflammatory, Insulinemic, and Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Diabetes Among Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the DREAM Study",
  "title_text": "Inflammatory, Insulinemic, and Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Diabetes Among Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the DREAM Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T00:23:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dddb4vcke573m",
  "venue": "Nutrients",
  "versions": []
}