{
  "abstract": "Laser amplification kicks off with just a few photons in the cavity, a regime where standard additive Langevin noise cannot capture the real fluctuations. To understand how this amplification begins, we map out a single-mode photon-carrier model that links macroscopic lasers directly into nanolasers. Stationary rate equations reveal that stimulated emission takes over across a tight pump window. In nanolasers, however, spontaneous processes coexist across a much broader range. Because steady-state averages miss the individual events that lead to the macroscopic photon number, we frame the stochastic dynamics around the actual discrete transitions, deriving a state-dependent diffusion approximation. The destruction of an excited carrier concurrent with the generation of a photon creates a negative photon-carrier cross-correlation. This unavoidably leads to a correlated, multiplicative Gaussian-noise framework. We track the resulting discrete dynamics with an established, event-based Laser Markov Chain (LMC) which stochastically samples pump, relaxation, emission, and cavity-loss events keeping all physical quantities as non-negative integers. Comparing its predictions to those of our multiplicative model proves that the latter reproduces excellently well the statistical behavior of photons and carrier, as long as a continuous diffusion description holds. Once the emission drops into the few-photon regime, however, the discrete model becomes indispensable. On the other hand, at large photon counts relative fluctuations shrink to a level where the state-dependence of the diffusion matrix can be ignored, to leading order, thus returning to the classic Langevin description of the system's stochastic dynamics.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.25520",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "G. Sonnino"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ph. Peeters"
    },
    {
      "name": "P. Nardone"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. L. Lippi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ddtv54mq37f3k.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.25520",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "ddtv54mq37f3k",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25520",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223067440",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.25520",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ddtv54mq37f3k.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:30:52Z",
      "native_id": "2610.25520",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25520"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.optics",
      "subfield": "optics-photonics"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Multiplicative Noise in Nanolaser Amplification: From Discrete Emission Events to the Additive-Noise Limit",
  "title_text": "Multiplicative Noise in Nanolaser Amplification: From Discrete Emission Events to the Additive-Noise Limit",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:33:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ddtv54mq37f3k",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}