{
  "abstract": "An efficient Particle-in-Cell numerical approach to perform full-dimensional kinetic simulations of low temperature plasmas is presented. Taking advantage of the cylindrical geometry of most plasma sources, a Fourier mode decomposition of the fields is carried out in the azimuthal ($θ$) direction up to a chosen maximum number of modes $N_m$. Macroparticles are pushed in all $D$ dimensions and weighed, for each mode $m$, onto a $(D-1)$ dimensional grid. The computation of the electric field for each mode is independent and reduces to solving $(N_m+1)$ $(D-1)$ dimensional Poisson problems. The approach brings spectral accuracy in the azimuthal direction, while the computational cost is comparable to that of a simulation with $(D-1)$ dimensions. We verify this approach against a planar test case based on a Penning discharge, widely used for benchmarking and validation purposes in the low-temperature plasma community. Our approach allows us to reduce the 2D problem into a collection of coupled 1D problems and to naturally perform spectral analysis of the different azimuthal modes, recovering the contribution of each mode to radial transport, with a computational time saving of one order of magnitude with respect to state of the art 2D particle-in-cell codes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.21951",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Matteo Ripoli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eduardo Ahedo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mario Merino"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dg3jr40vjr09s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.21951",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dg3jr40vjr09s",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21951",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.plasm-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Plasma Diagnostics and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213939347",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.21951",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dg3jr40vjr09s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:23:03Z",
      "native_id": "2609.21951",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.21951"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.plasm-ph",
      "subfield": "plasma"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Azimuthal mode decomposition Particle in Cell algorithm for cylindrical plasma sources",
  "title_text": "Azimuthal mode decomposition Particle in Cell algorithm for cylindrical plasma sources",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:23:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dg3jr40vjr09s",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}