{
  "abstract": "Actinidin is a cysteine protease recognized as the predominant protease in kiwifruit. It possesses distinctive catalytic and structural properties that determine its specificity and behavior with different substrates. This, along with its plant origin, has made it one of the most prominent plant-derived proteases. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the available knowledge on this enzyme, addressing its molecular and biochemical characteristics, its production, extraction, purification, and technological optimization. The main biotechnological applications of actinidin are also presented and discussed, with particular emphasis on its use in the processing of food proteins in diverse matrices such as meat, milk, and gluten proteins, its role in digestion, and its antigenic relevance. The available information suggests that actinidin is effective in the hydrolysis of multiple proteins, but its activity clearly depends on the substrate and reaction conditions, which explains its advantages and limitations compared to other enzymes. The diverse range of studies conducted on actinidin reflects the versatility of this enzyme. However, compared with other proteases, relatively few studies have investigated its immobilization or its application in the production of bioactive peptides. Thus, there are significant technological and academic gaps and a need for further studies on actinidin so that its catalytic properties may be fully understood and exploited, on par with other proteases such as papain and bromelain.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29050, Chiapas, Mexico",
    "Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Pablo Guardado Chávez, Libramiento Nte. Ote. 3450, Amp las Palmas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29040, Chiapas, Mexico",
    "Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal University, 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St., Alfenas 37130-000, MG, Brazil",
    "Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain",
    "Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain",
    "Transformation and Food Product Elaboration Laboratory, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute (INATAA), University of Brothers Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algeria"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4713-0761"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Olga Tavano",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4319-4661"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ángel Berenguer-Murcia",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3204-801X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Pedro Abellanas-Perez",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-8316-7013"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "El Hocine Siar",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9143-5848"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4976-7096"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Veymar G. Tacias-Pascacio",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0492-9135"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dhyr4g7h2wr35.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/catal16110936",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dhyr4g7h2wr35",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4344"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/936",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Pineapple and bromelain studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223327117",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dhyr4g7h2wr35.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:43Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/catal16110936",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/936"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Pineapple and bromelain studies",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Actinidin: A Review from Molecular Mechanisms to Biotechnological Applications",
  "title_text": "Actinidin: A Review from Molecular Mechanisms to Biotechnological Applications",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dhyr4g7h2wr35",
  "venue": "Catalysts",
  "versions": []
}