{
  "abstract": "Gold/graphene quantum dot (Au/GQD) hybrids combine chemically accessible carbon surfaces with metallic, plasmonic, and emissive gold components. This review examines their interfacial signal-transduction principles and the available evidence for metal-ion sensing. Material descriptors, including surface functionality, morphology, electronic alignment, and spatial separation, are related to optical attenuation, fluorescence modulation, and electrochemical response. Examples from characterization, photocatalysis, and non-metal assays illustrate selected structural or transduction processes; they are distinguished from direct evidence of metal-ion recognition. The metal-ion studies are evaluated according to component roles, measured responses, analytical performance, and mechanistic support. Particular attention is given to plasmon-modulated Cr3+ fluorescence, Cu2+/Cd2+ ratiometric detection, and reaction-generated reporting of Au3+. Their comparison reveals heterogeneous recognition mechanisms and incomplete analytical benchmarking rather than a universally validated recognition pathway. A general hybrid advantage remains unestablished without matched component and alternative-material controls. Adjacent Au/GQD assays provide design hypotheses whose transfer requires target-specific binding and interference validation. Persistent limitations include unresolved signal origins, concentration-dependent matrix effects, inconsistent detection-limit reporting, and poorly standardized interface characterization. The resulting synthesis provides a structured basis for interpreting Au/GQD responses and identifying evidence needed to connect interfacial changes with reliable metal-ion detection.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Business and Communications, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai 71800 Nilai Negeri Sembilan Malaysia",
    "School of Management, Department of Management Studies, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala RandD Institute of Science and Technology, University in Morai Tamil Nadu 600062 India",
    "College of Dentistry, University of Al Maarif Al Anbar 31001 Iraq",
    "Faculty of Technical Education, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan",
    "Faculty of Engineering, Gokul Global University Sidhpur Gujarat India",
    "Department of CSE, School of Computing, Veltech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Chennai India",
    "Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University Mohali Punjab India",
    "Head of the Department «Physics and Chemistry», Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University Tashkent Uzbekistan",
    "Scientific researcher of the University of Tashkent for Applied Science Tashkent Uzbekistan",
    "School of Engineering, Central Asian University Tashkent Uzbekistan",
    "Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher Baku Azerbaijan",
    "Research Follower, INTI International University 71800 Negeri Sembilan Malaysia",
    "Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University Tehran Branch Tehran Iran"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Asokan Vasudevan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9866-4045"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qusay Abdulsattar Mohammed"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Seif Al Bustanji"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Vikram V. Patel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "B. Rajalingam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Harvinder Singh Sohal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8,
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "I. B. Sapaev"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Sahar Bayatinia",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-3969-0873"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dj2sd8xy7e5fd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra10016c",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13732907/",
  "id": "dj2sd8xy7e5fd",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra10016c",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-3.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 3.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225271286",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13732907",
  "pmid": "42985500",
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dj2sd8xy7e5fd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:22:48Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13732907",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra10016c"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Au/GQD hybrid interfaces: signal-transduction principles and evidence for metal-ion sensing",
  "title_text": "Au/GQD hybrid interfaces: signal-transduction principles and evidence for metal-ion sensing",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:22:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dj2sd8xy7e5fd",
  "venue": "RSC Advances",
  "versions": []
}