{
  "abstract": "Neuroinflammation and vascular dysfunction are hallmarks of most neurodegenerative diseases. For organoids intended to model neurodegeneration, immune, and vascular cells should therefore be considered fundamental components, rather than optional additions.\n\nNeuroinflammation and vascular dysfunction are hallmarks of most neurodegenerative diseases. This Perspective argues that immune and vascular cells need to be fundamental components of organoids intended to model neurodegeneration, rather than optional extras.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore",
    "Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore"
  ],
  "article_type": "Perspective",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shiying Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shi-Yan Ng",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3418-2757"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djadcmbc20zva.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074",
  "fulltext_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074",
  "id": "djadcmbc20zva",
  "issns": [
    "1545-7885",
    "1544-9173"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Alzheimer's Disease"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Anatomical Pathology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Animal Cells"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Biological Cultures"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Biology and Life Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Cell Biology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Cellular Types"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Cytopathology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Dementia"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Developmental Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Glial Cells"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Medical Conditions"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Medicine and Health Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Mental Health and Psychiatry"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Microglial Cells"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Motor Neuron Diseases"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Neurodegenerative Diseases"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Neurology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Organ Cultures"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Organoids"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Pathology and Laboratory Medicine"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Perspective"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research and Analysis Methods"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Stem Cells"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2806|Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Glial cells/Microglial cells"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Stem cells/Induced pluripotent stem cells"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Developmental neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Neurodegenerative diseases"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Neurodegenerative diseases/Alzheimer's disease"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Neurodegenerative diseases/Motor neuron diseases"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Mental health and psychiatry/Dementia/Alzheimer's disease"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Neurology/Dementia/Alzheimer's disease"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Neurology/Neurodegenerative diseases"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Neurology/Neurodegenerative diseases/Alzheimer's disease"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Neurology/Neurodegenerative diseases/Motor neuron diseases"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Anatomical pathology/Cytopathology"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Biological cultures/Organ cultures/Organoids"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221757798",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074&type=printable",
  "pmcid": "PMC13719021",
  "pmid": "42873831",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djadcmbc20zva.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:22:56Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13719021",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004074"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "heading:Cell Biology",
      "subfield": "cell-biology"
    },
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "heading:Stem Cells",
      "subfield": "developmental-biology"
    },
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "heading:Neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:neurology",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "heading:Mental Health and Psychiatry",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cellular diversity in neural organoids is critical for neurodegenerative disease modeling",
  "title_text": "Cellular diversity in neural organoids is critical for neurodegenerative disease modeling",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:22:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djadcmbc20zva",
  "venue": "PLOS Biology",
  "versions": []
}