{
  "abstract": "Background: Bioimpedance-derived phase angle (PhA) and body water distribution may reflect cellular hydration and tissue quality, but their relevance to anaerobic performance in firefighters is unclear. Objectives: To compare these indices between firefighter recruits and incumbents and determine whether their relationships with anaerobic performance differed by occupational status. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included recruits (n = 125) and incumbents (n = 71). Groups were compared for participant characteristics, bioimpedance variables, and Wingate performance. Pearson correlations and hierarchical regression tested relationships with relative peak (RelPP) and mean power (RelMP), including group × predictor interactions adjusted for fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Incumbents were older (38.89 ± 9.68 vs. 22.18 ± 4.47 years), heavier (95.14 ± 14.05 vs. 86.77 ± 13.72 kg), and had greater FM than recruits (p < 0.001). Recruits had higher RelPP and RelMP (p < 0.001), while body water distribution and PhA did not differ. In incumbents, intracellular water/total body water (ICW/TBW) and PhA were positively correlated with RelPP and RelMP, whereas extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) was inversely correlated; these correlations were largely absent in recruits. After adjustment for FM and FFM, group × predictor interactions were observed for RelPP for PhA, ICW/TBW, ECW/TBW, and intracellular water/extracellular water (ICW/ECW) (p = 0.004-0.008), but not RelMP; these associations should be interpreted with caution given the number of comparisons examined. RelPP interactions remained significant after additional adjustment for age (p = 0.022-0.041). Conclusions: Despite similar body water distribution and PhA, recruits and incumbents differed in age, body mass, FM, and relative anaerobic performance. Occupational status appeared to moderate the relationships of these bioimpedance-derived indices with RelPP after adjustment for FM and FFM, with stronger relationships among incumbents.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Tactical Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.",
    "Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Huntingdon College, Montgomery, AL 36106, USA.",
    "Body Composition Assessment Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tiffany L Adams",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-1320-7365"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michael R Esco"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Andrew T LeMense",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-2335-7940"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Samuel O Gomez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Michael V Fedewa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2055-863X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Changki Kim",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4390-3907"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lee J Winchester",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8443-8429"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djavpwxc73gjm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jfmk11040403",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13692399",
  "id": "djavpwxc73gjm",
  "issns": [
    "2411-5142"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924682",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3609|Occupational Health and Performance"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220405645",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13692399?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13692399",
  "pmid": "42924682",
  "published": "2026-10-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djavpwxc73gjm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42924682",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924682"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Body Water Distribution and Phase Angle Are Differentially Related to Anaerobic Performance by Occupational Status in Firefighters: A Cross-Sectional Study.",
  "title_text": "Body Water Distribution and Phase Angle Are Differentially Related to Anaerobic Performance by Occupational Status in Firefighters: A Cross-Sectional Study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/djavpwxc73gjm",
  "venue": "Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology",
  "versions": []
}