{
  "abstract": "Background: Climate change may influence the transmission dynamics of enteric pathogens through changes in temperature, humidity, precipitation, and environmental exposure. Humid heat poses a significant threat, yet its synergistic impact on Other Infectious Diarrhea (OID) remains under-characterized. This study quantifies humid-heat-related OID risks and investigates the socioeconomic determinants driving spatial vulnerability in Anhui, China.\n\nMethods: Daily data on OID cases (n = 822,220) and meteorological variables were collected from 16 cities in Anhui Province (2015–2023). We employed a two-stage strategy: city-specific distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) to estimate exposure-response associations, followed by multivariate meta-regression to evaluate geographical and socioeconomic effect modifiers. Spatial clustering was quantified using Global Moran’s I statistics.\n\nResults: The association between Humidex and OID was non-linear, with significant spatial clustering that intensified over time (Moran’s I: 0.36–0.47, P < 0.001). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I² = 70.03%), masking marked disparities: less-developed northern cities faced significantly higher risks (e.g., Bengbu, RR = 2.08) and larger disease burdens (e.g., Suzhou, AN = 7,671) than southern counterparts. Multivariate meta-regression identified urbanization rate, GDP per capita, and latitude as the primary drivers of this regional heterogeneity.\n\nConclusion: Humid-heat-related OID risk is structurally modulated by socioeconomic development. Urbanization and economic capacity act as critical buffers, highlighting an “adaptation deficit” in less-developed regions. Public health interventions should prioritize high-risk northern hotspots to mitigate climate-driven health inequities.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-28928-3.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Meng Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinling Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingyu Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Siqi Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Liping Gong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yongsheng Ye"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yangguang Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jian Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yinguang Fan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dmqmx2z3xccvh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12889-026-28928-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13733127/",
  "id": "dmqmx2z3xccvh",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2458"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-28928-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2307|Climate Change and Health Impacts"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7201836049",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13733127",
  "pmid": "42983682",
  "published": "2026-08-07",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dmqmx2z3xccvh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:22:59Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13733127",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-28928-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2307|Climate Change and Health Impacts",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Humidex-related risk of other infectious diarrhea in Anhui, China: a multi-city study on spatial heterogeneity and socioeconomic modifiers",
  "title_text": "Humidex-related risk of other infectious diarrhea in Anhui, China: a multi-city study on spatial heterogeneity and socioeconomic modifiers",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:22:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dmqmx2z3xccvh",
  "venue": "BMC Public Health",
  "versions": []
}