{
  "abstract": "Single-molecule techniques provide exceptional resolution of biomolecular dynamics but are limited by low throughput. Here, we present a DNA barcoding strategy that enables parallel kinetic profiling of multiple protein variants in a single experiment. Each protein is covalently linked to a unique DNA barcode, decoded through transient hybridisation of fluorescent probes distinguished by colour and binding duration. Applied to a library of 16 ClpS variants, this approach revealed ~5-fold variation in dissociation kinetics and uncovered previously unrecognised bimodal binding behaviour arising from distinct structural subpopulations. By enabling scalable, multiplexed functional characterisation at the single-molecule level, this platform provides a general framework for protein engineering, directed evolution and the development of next-generation single-molecule technologies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Stefan H. Mueller",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-2000"
    },
    {
      "name": "David M. Grimson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Holden Paz"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aidan C. Fitch"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haibo Yu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1099-2803"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marco Ribezzi-Crivellari"
    },
    {
      "name": "Andrew D. Griffiths",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0808-3539"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antoine M. van Oijen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1794-5161"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lisanne M. Spenkelink",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5511-8757"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dn1z689cfmgyv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-78581-y",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dn1z689cfmgyv",
  "issns": [
    "2041-1723"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-78581-y",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1304|Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221540290",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-78581-y_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dn1z689cfmgyv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:38Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41467-026-78581-y",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-78581-y"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1304|Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques",
      "subfield": "biophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Multiplexed single-molecule analysis of barcoded protein variants",
  "title_text": "Multiplexed single-molecule analysis of barcoded protein variants",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dn1z689cfmgyv",
  "venue": "Nature Communications",
  "versions": []
}