{
  "abstract": "Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) thermoplastic vulcanizates containing triallyl cyanurate (TAC) or octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OV-POSS) coagents were prepared by dynamic vulcanization. The effects of coagent type, loading level, and EPDM/PP ratio on non-isothermal crystallization were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Crystallization kinetics were evaluated using the Avrami, Ozawa, and combined Avrami-Ozawa models, while nucleation activity and apparent activation energies were assessed using the Dobreva-Gutzow, Kissinger, Takhor, and Friedman approaches. Both coagents, particularly OV-POSS, shifted crystallization onset toward higher temperatures, demonstrating enhanced heterogeneous nucleation. The decreasing Avrami-derived half-times t0.5 with increasing cooling rate were qualitatively consistent with the experimental DSC half-times t1/2. The Ozawa model did not adequately describe the investigated systems, while the combined Avrami-Ozawa model provided satisfactory correlations. The influence of the coagents on the overall crystallization rate depended on composition, loading, and cooling rate. In particular, high OV-POSS loading promoted earlier nucleation but did not consistently shorten t0.5, especially in the EPDM-rich TPVs. POM revealed earlier crystal formation, increased nucleation density, and smaller spherulites in the coagent-containing samples. DSC analysis revealed an increase in PP-normalized crystallinity upon OV-POSS incorporation, while XRD confirmed an increased crystalline fraction, predominantly associated with the α-crystalline form. This effect was particularly pronounced in the PP-rich formulations. Although OV-POSS promoted heterogeneous nucleation and crystalline structure development, its influence on the overall crystallization rate remained dependent on blend composition, coagent loading, and cooling conditions, suggesting a complex interplay between nucleation and subsequent crystal growth.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Chemical Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Türkiye",
    "Department of Machinery and Metal Technologies, Hereke Asım Kocabıyık Vocational School, Kocaeli University, 41800 Kocaeli, Türkiye",
    "Polymer Science and Technology Graduate Program, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Türkiye",
    "Department of Chemistry, Istinye University, 34396 Istanbul, Türkiye",
    "Xplore Instruments B.V., 6135 KT Sittard, The Netherlands"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nazlı Yazıcı Çakır",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0847-2259"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Özgenur İnan Coşkun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Merve Ergün"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mehmet Kodal",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0299-5411"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Güralp Özkoç"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dnancxatkn921.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/polym18212675",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dnancxatkn921",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4360"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2675",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2507|Polymer crystallization and properties"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224100359",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-28",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dnancxatkn921.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/polym18212675",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2675"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2507|Polymer crystallization and properties",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behavior and Crystal Morphology of EPDM/PP Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Containing TAC and OV-POSS Coagents",
  "title_text": "Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behavior and Crystal Morphology of EPDM/PP Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Containing TAC and OV-POSS Coagents",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dnancxatkn921",
  "venue": "Polymers",
  "versions": []
}