{
  "abstract": "Background: Circulating S-Klotho is increasingly recognized as an anti-aging protein linked to cardiovascular protection and metabolic regulation. Although exercise elevates S-Klotho, the dose–response threshold and metabolic determinants of this response in young adults with obesity, a population at heightened risk for cardiometabolic dysfunction, remain poorly characterized. To examine the acute effects of submaximal and maximal cycling on circulating S-Klotho in young adults with obesity and to identify key metabolic predictors of exercise-induced changes. Methods: Eighteen young (26 ± 3 years, BMI 30 ± 2 kg/m2) males and females completed incremental cycling to exhaustion. Serum S-Klotho was assessed at rest, after submaximal (SubMax), and post-maximal (Max) exercise. Covariates included cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), iDXA body composition, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP. Predictor Screening and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression with fivefold cross-validation were used to identify determinants of exercise-induced S-Klotho responses. Results: A significant acute increase in S-Klotho was observed (Main Effect of Time: F(2,32) = 9.4, p = 0.0006). Post hoc analysis revealed an intensity-dependent threshold, with a significant surge occurring only between submaximal and maximal exertion (p = 0.021; Rest to Max: p = 0.0005). No significant sex differences or interactions were observed (p > 0.05). The PLS model explained 74% of the variance in S-Klotho changes, identifying systemic inflammation (Log10[hsCRP]) and visceral adiposity as the primary predictive factors. Conclusions: Exhaustive exercise acutely increases circulating S-Klotho in young adults with obesity, independent of sex. This response is intensity-dependent and primarily driven by baseline metabolic risk factors. S-Klotho may represent an acute exercise-responsive biomarker linked to metabolic health in at-risk populations. These exploratory findings warrant confirmation in larger and adequately powered studies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Sports Medicine, and Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden",
    "Själevad Health Care Center, Sjukhemsvägen 2 B, 894 30 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden",
    "Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden",
    "Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michael Svensson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4972-4416"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lisa Blomqvist"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Torbjörn Åkerfeldt",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0214-596X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Pär Steneberg",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-4500-2447"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Christer Malm",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8436-2476"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dq8j3mfg5vm5d.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218313",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dq8j3mfg5vm5d",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8313",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2742|Exercise and Physiological Responses"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223848261",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dq8j3mfg5vm5d.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218313",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8313"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2742|Exercise and Physiological Responses",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Acute Effects of Exhaustive Exercise on the Anti-Aging Protein S-Klotho in Young Females and Males with Obesity",
  "title_text": "Acute Effects of Exhaustive Exercise on the Anti-Aging Protein S-Klotho in Young Females and Males with Obesity",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dq8j3mfg5vm5d",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}