{
  "abstract": "The development of high-performance spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetic memories is fundamentally constrained by a persistent trade-off between spin Hall efficiency, thermal structural stability, and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in conventional heavy metals. Here, we overcome this limitation by engineering body-centered-cubic (BCC) Ni-doped W alloys as highly efficient and thermally robust spin-current sources. Ni$_{30}$W$_{70}$/CoFeB heterostructures achieve deterministic out-of-plane magnetization switching at an ultra-low critical current density of 1.78 MA/cm$^2$, nearly threefold lower than that of $β$-W, while maintaining a high anisotropy field of 8,500 Oe and a thermal stability factor of 57.9. The BCC Ni$_{30}$W$_{70}$ alloy preserves its structural integrity and the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the adjacent CoFeB layer after annealing at 450 $^\\circ$C, demonstrating robustness under the stringent thermal processing conditions relevant to back-end-of-line integration. Harmonic Hall and ferromagnetic resonance measurements reveal a large spin Hall angle of -0.39 and a high interfacial spin transparency of 0.75, demonstrating efficient spin-current generation and interfacial transmission. First-principles calculations further reveal enhanced intrinsic spin Hall conductivity in W-rich BCC NiW alloys, associated with the Fermi level lying within a spin-orbit-coupling-induced band gap. These findings establish BCC NiW alloys as a scalable and thermally resilient material platform for energy-efficient SOT-MRAM.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.00623",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Yu-Ming Pan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chen-Yi Wei"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yi-Cheng Tsou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tsung-Yu Pan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Guang-Yu Guo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chih-Huang Lai"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dqesc33b36wcb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.00623",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dqesc33b36wcb",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00623",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3107|Magnetic properties of thin films"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7206215525",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.00623",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dqesc33b36wcb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:00Z",
      "native_id": "2609.00623",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00623"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Overcoming the Efficiency-Stability Trade-off in Spin-Orbit Torque Devices with Thermally Robust BCC NiW Alloys",
  "title_text": "Overcoming the Efficiency-Stability Trade-off in Spin-Orbit Torque Devices with Thermally Robust BCC NiW Alloys",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dqesc33b36wcb",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}