{
  "abstract": "Gravitational-wave detectors can probe the existence of dark matter with exquisite sensitivity. Here, we perform a search for three kinds of dark matter -- dilatons (spin-0), dark photons (spin-1) and tensor bosons (spin-2) -- using three independent methods on the first part of the most recent data from the fourth observing run of LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA. Each form of dark matter could have interacted with different standard-model particles in the instruments, causing unique differential strains on the interferometers. While we do not find any evidence for a signal, we place the most stringent upper limits to-date on each of these models. For scalars with masses between $[4\\times 10^{-14},1.5\\times 10^{-13}]$ eV that couple to photons or electrons, our constraints improve upon those from the third observing run by one order of magnitude, with the tightest limit of $\\sim 10^{-20}\\,\\text{GeV}^{-1}$ at a mass of $\\sim2\\times 10^{-13}\\text{ eV}$. For vectors with masses between $[7\\times 10^{-13},8.47\\times 10^{-12}]$ eV that couple to baryons, our constraints supersede those from MICROSCOPE and Eöt-Wash by one to two orders of magnitude, reaching a minimum of $\\sim 5\\times 10^{-24}$ at a mass of $\\sim 10^{-12}$ eV. For tensors with masses of $[4\\times 10^{-14},8.47\\times 10^{-12}]$ eV (the full mass range analyzed) that couple via a Yukawa interaction, our constraints surpass those from fifth-force experiments by four to five orders of magnitude, achieving a limit as low as $\\sim 8\\times 10^{-9}$ at $\\sim2\\times 10^{-13}$ eV. Our results show that gravitational-wave interferometers have become frontiers for new physics and laboratories for direct multi-model dark-matter detection.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2510.27022",
  "author_total": 1767,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "A.G Abac"
    },
    {
      "name": "I Abouelfettouh"
    },
    {
      "name": "F Acernese"
    },
    {
      "name": "K Ackley"
    },
    {
      "name": "C Adamcewicz"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Adhicary"
    },
    {
      "name": "D Adhikari"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Adhikari"
    },
    {
      "name": "R.X Adhikari"
    },
    {
      "name": "V.K Adkins"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Afroz"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Agapito"
    },
    {
      "name": "D Agarwal"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Agathos"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Aggarwal"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Aggarwal"
    },
    {
      "name": "O.D Aguiar"
    },
    {
      "name": "I.-L Ahrend"
    },
    {
      "name": "L Aiello"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Ain"
    },
    {
      "name": "P Ajith"
    },
    {
      "name": "T Akutsu"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Albanesi"
    },
    {
      "name": "W Ali"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Al-Kershi"
    },
    {
      "name": "C Alléné"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Allocca"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Al-Shammari"
    },
    {
      "name": "P.A Altin"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Alvarez-Lopez"
    },
    {
      "name": "W Amar"
    },
    {
      "name": "O Amarasinghe"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Amato"
    },
    {
      "name": "F Amicucci"
    },
    {
      "name": "C Amra"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Ananyeva"
    },
    {
      "name": "S.B Anderson"
    },
    {
      "name": "W.G Anderson"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Andia"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Ando"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Andrés-Carcasona"
    },
    {
      "name": "T Andríc"
    },
    {
      "name": "J Anglin"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Ansoldi"
    },
    {
      "name": "J.M Antelis"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Antier"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Aoumi"
    },
    {
      "name": "E.Z Appavuravther"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Appert"
    },
    {
      "name": "S.K Apple"
    },
    {
      "name": "K Arai"
    },
    {
      "name": "A Araya"
    },
    {
      "name": "M.C Araya"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Arca Sedda"
    },
    {
      "name": "J.S Areeda"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Aritomi"
    },
    {
      "name": "F Armato"
    },
    {
      "name": "S Armstrong"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Arnaud"
    },
    {
      "name": "M Arogeti"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drdfbhymt96kc.bib",
  "cited_by": 2,
  "doi": "10.1103/qdnd-rsnh",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "drdfbhymt96kc",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05491565v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.phys"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.phys.astr"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.phys.grqc"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4415913719",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05491565/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drdfbhymt96kc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:48Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05491565",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05491565v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "hal:1.phys.astr",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "hal:1.phys.grqc",
      "subfield": "gravitation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Direct multi-model dark-matter search with gravitational-wave interferometers using data from the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run",
  "title_text": "Direct multi-model dark-matter search with gravitational-wave interferometers using data from the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drdfbhymt96kc",
  "venue": "Phys.Rev.Lett.",
  "versions": []
}