{
  "abstract": "Background: Driveline infections (DLIs) remain the predominant device‐specific complication in patients supported by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) serving as a major source of morbidity, recurrent hospitalization, and mortality. Despite their clinical impact, the prevention and early management of DLIs lack standardization, particularly within outpatient and home‐based care environments.\n\nMethods and Objectives: The original 2020 DESTINE proposal introduced a standardized dressing protocol and a prevention‐oriented staging system for driveline exit‐site management. However, subsequent clinical real‐world experience revealed limitations, including overly complex early‐stage subcategorization and the absence of contemporary guidance on wound care, including fixation strategies, antiseptic agents, and adjunctive therapies.\n\nUpdated Recommendations: DESTINE 2.0 provides expert recommendations to address these gaps. The updated framework features a streamlined five‐stage system that consolidates previous subcategories into unambiguous, actionable clinical stages. Enhanced recommendations are provided for driveline immobilization, stage‐stratified antiseptic agent selection, and skin barrier preservation. Furthermore, the protocol incorporates adjunctive therapies including cold atmospheric plasma and closed‐incision negative pressure wound therapy. Expanded guidance covers modifiable patient‐level risk factors, perioperative prophylaxis, showering safety, caregiver education, digital documentation, and stage‐directed antibiotic therapy.\n\nConclusion: By providing a practical, integrated framework applicable to multidisciplinary care settings, DESTINE 2.0 aims to optimize infection‐free survival, minimize healthcare utilization, and improve quality of life for patients on long‐term mechanical circulatory support.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg University Hospital Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany",
    "Department for Thoracic‐ and Cardiovascular Surgery Heart & Diabetes Center, North Rhine‐Westphalia Bad Oeynhausen Germany",
    "Klinik für Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie, Angiologie Und Internistische Intensivmedizin), Universitätsklinikum Des Saarlandes Saarland University Homburg Germany",
    "Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charite Berlin Germany",
    "Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany",
    "Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"
  ],
  "article_type": "other",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alexander M. Bernhardt",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9974-8091"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Volker Lauenroth"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Florian Mueller"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Friedrich Kaufmann",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9617-9225"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Katharina Homann"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Martina Socha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Schlöglhofer",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4354-4860"
    },
    {
      "name": "the Driveline Expert STagINg and carE (DESTINE) study group"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drnxmjcc8hjxa.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1111/aor.70237",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13720658/",
  "id": "drnxmjcc8hjxa",
  "issns": [
    "0160-564X",
    "1525-1594"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70237",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Consensus Statement"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212157655",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/aor.70237",
  "pmcid": "PMC13720658",
  "pmid": "42717402",
  "published": "2026-09-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drnxmjcc8hjxa.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:30Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13720658",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70237"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [],
  "title": "Prevention and Management of Driveline Infections in Ventricular Assist Device Patients: The DESTINE 2.0 Staging Proposal and Expert Recommendations",
  "title_text": "Prevention and Management of Driveline Infections in Ventricular Assist Device Patients: The DESTINE 2.0 Staging Proposal and Expert Recommendations",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/drnxmjcc8hjxa",
  "venue": "Artificial Organs",
  "versions": []
}