{
  "abstract": "Purpose: To identify factors influencing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission and compare differences across intervention types and remission criteria.\n\nMethods: T2DM remission was defined as HbA1c < 6.5% (48 mmol/mol), measured at least 3 months after cessation of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy. Relevant literature on factors influencing T2DM remission was searched in English-language databases, with the search updated through March 2026. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 18.0 software.\n\nResults: A total of 36 studies were included. Higher fasting plasma glucose (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = [0.99, 1.00], P < 0.001), higher glycated hemoglobin (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = [0.88, 0.94], P < 0.001), longer disease duration (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = [0.88, 0.90], P < 0.001), and a greater number of oral antidiabetic agents (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = [0.38, 0.81], P = 0.002) were associated with lower odds of remission. A greater percentage of total weight loss was associated with higher odds of remission (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = [1.04, 1.07], P < 0.001). In surgical interventions, a higher body mass index (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.08], P = 0.002) was associated with higher odds of remission, whereas older age (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = [0.94, 0.98], P < 0.001) and insulin use (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = [0.23, 0.52], P < 0.001) were associated with lower odds of remission. In non-surgical interventions, alcohol cessation was associated with higher odds of remission (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.26], P < 0.001), while factors influencing lower odds of remission included smoking (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = [0.86, 0.94], P < 0.001), continued alcohol consumption (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = [0.84, 0.95], P < 0.001), and a higher body mass index (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = [0.86, 0.92], P < 0.001). Gender, race/ethnicity, physical exercise, intermittent fasting, HOMA-IR and C-peptide level were not associated with T2DM remission.\n\nConclusion: T2DM remission is influenced by multiple factors, with BMI showing opposite associations by intervention type. Future large-scale, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.\n\nSystematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ , identifier CRD420261295582.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Changchun University of Chinese Medicine",
    "Afliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine",
    "Department of Tuina, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine"
  ],
  "article_type": "systematic review",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Siwen Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jinying Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xinlu Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Haotian Qi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoxia Kang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weichen Nie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yilin Feng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rui Chen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dsg8jv3nmcx6w.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13716553/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "dsg8jv3nmcx6w",
  "issns": [
    "1664-2392"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Systematic Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes Treatment and Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221898260",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13716553",
  "pmid": "42959033",
  "published": "2026-10-15",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dsg8jv3nmcx6w.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:20Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13716553",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13716553"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42959033",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42959033"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:49Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13716553",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1916734"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes Treatment and Management",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Influencing factors of type 2 diabetes remission: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
  "title_text": "Influencing factors of type 2 diabetes remission: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:21:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dsg8jv3nmcx6w",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Endocrinology",
  "versions": []
}