{
  "abstract": "Background: Resilience is increasingly understood as a dynamic, ecological process; however, prevailing psychiatric models continue to emphasize individual traits, thereby neglecting collective and culturally embedded forms of endurance. Sumud (Arabic: صمود), broadly translating as steadfastness, perseverance, and endurance, sustains identity, dignity, and daily life under chronic adversity across the Arab world and functions as a relational and ethical orientation. This review examines sumud as a resilience framework for transcultural psychiatry and psychotherapy.\n\nAims: To synthesize conceptualizations of sumud in relation to resilience, coping, and adaptation, and to evaluate implications for narrative, family-based, group, community-oriented, and arts-informed therapeutic approaches.\n\nMethods: A PRISMA 2020-guided systematic narrative review was conducted. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase) were searched covering publications up to 1 June 2026. English-language studies were eligible if they explicitly examined sumud as a cultural, psychological, or collective construct with relevance to resilience, coping, or psychotherapy. Eligible publication types included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods empirical studies; theoretical and conceptual papers; ethnographies; narrative analyses; and reviews. Data were thematically synthesized using a predefined extraction matrix. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261279052).\n\nResults: Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Descriptively sumud emerged as a multilevel, collective form of resilience enacted through family systems, intergenerational narratives, cultural practices, and institutional structures. Substantively, it supported meaning-making, emotional regulation, and identity continuity. Critically, ethical tensions and cumulative burdens were documented, particularly for women, caregivers, and professionals., and rigorously evaluated, sumud-informed psychotherapeutic interventions remain scarce, notwithstanding a general preference in mental health studies for social-ecological models and narrative, family-based, group, and arts-based therapeutic approaches.\n\nConclusions: Theoretically, sumud challenges individualistic psychiatric frameworks by offering a culturally embedded, collective model of resilience. Clinically, it urges clinicians to engage with patients’ narratives, relational worlds, and cultural practices, while remaining attentive to the costs of endurance. Prospectively, in the context of ongoing conflicts and humanitarian crises affecting parts of the Middle East and Gulf region, sumud warrants renewed scholarly and clinical attention for the development of culturally responsive, resilience-informed psychotherapies.\n\nSystematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ , identifier CRD420261279052.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University",
    "Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University",
    "Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University",
    "Health Education Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University",
    "Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal",
    "Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Université de Montréal",
    "Public Services & Outreach Unit, United Arab Emirates University",
    "Al Jalila Children’s Hospital, Dubai Health"
  ],
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        1
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      "name": "Dina Aly El-Gabry"
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        3
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      "name": "Iffat Elbarazi"
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        0,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Emmanuel Stip"
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    {
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      ],
      "name": "Reem Al Sheryani"
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    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Leena Amiri"
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    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tarek Okasha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Nadia Taysir Dabbagh"
    }
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  "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1908428",
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  "language": "eng",
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  "pmcid": "PMC13721743",
  "pmid": "42965091",
  "published": "2026-10-16",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
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  "title": "Sumud as a framework for collective resilience: a systematic review of implications for transcultural psychiatry and psychotherapy",
  "title_text": "Sumud as a framework for collective resilience: a systematic review of implications for transcultural psychiatry and psychotherapy",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:22:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dt3v3d3aeaq46",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Psychiatry",
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