{
  "abstract": "Microalgal-bacterial interactions are central to nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning in marine habitats, yet the mechanisms structuring these associations under defined nutrient constraints remain poorly resolved. Using a synthetic 15-member bacterial community (SynCom) and controlled nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and vitamin B12-limitation, we investigated how nutrient scarcity shapes the physiology, metabolism, and transcriptional activity of the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum and its associated microbiota. Under N- and P-limitation, the SynCom had minimal impact on algal growth despite nutrient-dependent shifts in toxin production and metabolite profiles. In contrast, B12-limitation triggered a strong mutualistic interaction in which the SynCom enabled a three-fold increase in algal biomass and drove restructuring of intracellular and extracellular metabolomes, including the accumulation of ectoine and membrane-associated lipids and the depletion of thiamine-like and stress-associated metabolites. Metabarcoding revealed stable community composition but enrichment of B12-producing taxa under B12-limited conditions, while metatranscriptomics uncovered functional divergence among SynCom members. Bacteria displayed contrasting response strategies, including nutrient-responsive specialists and transcriptionally flexible generalists maintaining gene expression across all nutrient regimes. B12-producers (Marinovum algicola, Roseobacter sp., Halomonas sp.) upregulated cobalamin biosynthesis exclusively under B12-limitation, whereas several B12-auxotrophic taxa induced B12-transport and B12-requiring enzymes, indicating active vitamin exchange within the holobiont. P. parvum displayed transcriptional programs specific to each nutrient limitation, with B12-limited co-cultures shifting toward growth-associated gene expression despite constitutive expression of the B12-dependent metH gene. These results demonstrate that vitamin auxotrophy acts as a key metabolic lever reorganizing holobiont function, driving reciprocal benefits and reprogramming algal-bacterial metabolism in our synthetic system.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Lou Patron"
    },
    {
      "name": "Florian Petrilli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anaelle Bout"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marinna Gaudin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lena Gouhier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clarisse Hubert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Damien Réveillon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Samuel Chaffron"
    },
    {
      "name": "Enora Briand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Matthieu Garnier"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dvvkvn23w1zcm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/ismeco/ycag142",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dvvkvn23w1zcm",
  "issns": [
    "2730-6151"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05854100v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2303|Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7162139137",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "Springer Nature",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dvvkvn23w1zcm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:20:44Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05854100",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05854100v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2303|Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology",
      "subfield": "ecology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Multi-omics uncovers nutrient stress-driven interactions in a synthetic Prymnesium parvum holobiont, with vitamin B12-limitation revealing mutualism",
  "title_text": "Multi-omics uncovers nutrient stress-driven interactions in a synthetic Prymnesium parvum holobiont, with vitamin B12-limitation revealing mutualism",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:20:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dvvkvn23w1zcm",
  "venue": "ISME Communications",
  "versions": []
}