{
  "abstract": "Photonic time crystals (PTCs) are characterized by the rapid modulation of the material properties in time, causing a momentum bandgap for light. However, the observation of these bandgaps at optical frequencies remains elusive as the necessary temporal modulation amplitudes to show notable momentum bandgaps are relatively high, inaccessible with available materials. While it has been known that structuring PTCs at the subwavelength scale can improve the bandgap size, we push this concept to the extreme by leveraging the nanophotonic toolbox. Specifically, we demonstrate that structures composed of scatterers supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum can substantially reduce the required modulation amplitudes by enhancing the interaction time between light and time-varying matter. This allows us to observe noticeable momentum bandgaps despite the weak temporal modulation. Our approach bridges the concepts of bound states in the continuum and time-varying metamaterials, paving the way toward realizable PTCs at optical frequencies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany",
    "Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Gregoriou and Neapoleos Str., Ag. Paraskevi, Athens 15310, Greece",
    "Section of Condensed Matter Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Athens 15784, Greece",
    "Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany",
    "College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Nantong Street 145, Harbin 150001, China",
    "Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu 80101, Finland",
    "Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Maarintie 8, Espoo 02150, Finland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Puneet Garg",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7262-3085"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Evangelos Almpanis",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8128-3118"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "L. Zimmer",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-2977-2390"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jan David Fischbach",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-8765-8920"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Xuchen Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5997-1130"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "M. S. Mirmoosa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4989-7651"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Markus Nyman",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9661-6461"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "N. Stéfanou",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1264-472X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "N. Papanikolaou",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4288-6132"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Viktar Asadchy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9840-4737"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        0
      ],
      "name": "Carsten Rockstuhl",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5868-0526"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dx74vmf6ma2ye.bib",
  "cited_by": 9,
  "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed4055",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dx74vmf6ma2ye",
  "issns": [
    "2375-2548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed4055",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2504|Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4417495163",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13464636",
  "pmid": "42585339",
  "published": "2026-08-12",
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dx74vmf6ma2ye.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T13:20:56Z",
      "native_id": "W4417495163",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed4055"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2504|Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Photonic time crystals assisted by quasi-bound states in the continuum",
  "title_text": "Photonic time crystals assisted by quasi-bound states in the continuum",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dx74vmf6ma2ye",
  "venue": "Science Advances",
  "versions": []
}