{
  "abstract": "Tourette syndrome (TS) is heterogeneous and frequently co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other recorded neurodevelopmental diagnoses. We examined whether early parent-report questionnaire profiles in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) differed across later TS diagnostic subgroups, focusing on developmental phenotyping rather than individual-level prediction. The analytic sample included 92,875 children with linked registry follow-up and at least one retained questionnaire predictor at 6, 18, or 36 months. For this project, registry access was limited to ICD-10 F70-F99 diagnoses; the reference group therefore comprised children with no recorded F70-F99 diagnosis in the available project extract, not children known to be free of all psychiatric or somatic diagnoses. Age-specific principal component analysis (PCA), item response theory (IRT), and raw-item profiles were used to describe early questionnaire dimensions relative to the no-recorded-F70-F99 reference group. Twenty-one PCA domains were retained. Differences were small at 6 months and most interpretable at 36 months. TS with ADHD showed the clearest preschool regulation, attention, and externalizing profile, whereas TS with other recorded F70-F99 diagnoses showed broader language, motor, social-communication, sociability/activity, and developmental-concern elevations. TS without other recorded F70-F99 diagnoses showed smaller, more focal elevations. Secondary separability checks were modest, supporting group-level profile differences rather than screening-level prediction.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway",
    "Norwegian Institute of Public Health (FHI), Oslo, Norway",
    "Sykehuset Innlandet, Hamar, Norway",
    "UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway",
    "University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), Tromso, Norway",
    "Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA USA",
    "Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA",
    "University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Borre, Norway"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sebastian Emmanuel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lars-Petter Limstrand"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Markus Emil Wilhelmsen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Nina Torheim Thronæs"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ole Mikal Wormdal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Frederick Shic"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Fred Volkmar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Kenneth Larsen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Roald A. Øien",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3698-2184"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy1t129pr4g4x.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s00787-026-03129-w",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13710460/",
  "id": "dy1t129pr4g4x",
  "issns": [
    "1018-8827",
    "1435-165X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-026-03129-w",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167611550",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00787-026-03129-w.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13710460",
  "pmid": "42412229",
  "published": "2026-07-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy1t129pr4g4x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13710460",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-026-03129-w"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3203|Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From cradle to Tic: early developmental profiles of tourette syndrome and its comorbidities in the MoBa cohort",
  "title_text": "From cradle to Tic: early developmental profiles of tourette syndrome and its comorbidities in the MoBa cohort",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy1t129pr4g4x",
  "venue": "European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry",
  "versions": []
}